- 120: Sonics, Site , Mon 24-Sep-2001 16:23:14 MDT, Modifications to sonic wind data
The following procedure was used to adjust the sonic azimuths
for residual wind direction differences following rotation of the
data to incorporate the theodolite-measured sonic orientations.
The model used was as follows. ASTER calculates the wind direction as
a = atan(-u,-v) (u>0 is wind from west or 270 degrees)
da = cos^2(a)*(v*du - u*dv)/v^2
= (v*du - u*dv)/spd^2
= -(du*cos(a) - dv*sin(a))/spd
where du, dv are instrument offsets in the meausurement of u and v
Also including a possible error in the sonic azimuth measurement:
da = a.err - (du*cos(a) - dv*sin(a))/spd
da is calculated for each 5-min sonic wind direction sample as
the deviation from the median of all sonic wind directions
at the same height at that time (excluding the a, b, and reference
sonics).
Then for each array, roughly a week of data, the data are fit to the
model by linear regression to determine du and dv. The fit is
applied to all data with wind directions within +/- 45 deg of normal to
the array and for sigma-wind-direction less than 7 degrees. (As might
beexpected, it is observed that the scatter among the sonics
increases with sigma-wind-direction.)
Next the data for all sonics are corrected with the fitted values of
du and dv, and the median da is determined.
This is assumed to be an error in determining the sonic azimuth and
will be used to adust the azimuths.
Finally, the fitting procedure is repeated to determine new values for
du and dv after the wind directions have been corrected with the median
da from the previous step. The new values of du and dv are within
1.5 cm/s of the previous values. The new values will be used for
correcting the data.
CSAT3 S/N's 251 and 423 were sent back to Campbell Scientific for
recalibration after the field project. The offsets derived in the
procedure described here were found to be consistent with those
determined by the manufacturer, giving confidence in the procedure.
If the median value of da is again calculated with the new values of
du and dv, it is within 0.1 degree of the old value. Thus the procedure
appears to be robust. When the data are corrected with du, dv and the
median value of da, they are independent of wind direction and have a
median value close to zero.
These changes were implemented by modifying the csat3 calibration files
as shown below. The u and v offsets are in columns 2 and 3, while the
median value of da has been subtracted from the boomaz determined from
the theodolite measurements.
# $Log: csat3.d0.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:02 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d0
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d0.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 1.4 -11.2 271.02 0
# array #2, d0.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.5 -62.8 270.99 0
# array #3, d0.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.06 0.03 0.01 0.7 118.5 272.92 0
# array #4, d0.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.6 2.6 270.26 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d1.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:03 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS sonic(s) d1
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d1.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.01 -0.02 0.01 1.1 -33.8 270.64 0
# array #2, d1.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 -0.01 0.01 0.9 -19.4 270.29 0
# array #3, d1.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 1.0 -5.0 271.42 0
# array #4, d1.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 1.1 -154.3 269.36 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d2.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:04 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS sonic(s) d2
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d2.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.6 -52.0 269.92 0
# array #2, d2.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.0 0.01 -0.01 0.2 -151.2 271.42 0
# array #3, d2.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.6 143.9 271.06 0
# array #4, d2.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.0 0.03 0.02 0.1 55.0 269.91 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d3.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:05 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d3
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d3.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.01 -0.02 -0.01 0.5 46.1 269.77 0
# array #2, d3.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.0 -0.02 -0.01 1.0 35.5 270.15 0
# array #3, d3.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.06 -0.01 -0.01 0.8 -59.6 269.04 0
# array #4, d3.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.03 0.01 0.00 0.8 -80.0 269.61 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d4.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:05 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d4
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d4.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.0 -0.01 -0.01 0.6 -49.7 270.24 0
# array #2, d4.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.7 -102.8 269.96 0
# array #3, d4.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.0 0.0 -0.01 0.2 170.7 270.06 0
# array #4, d4.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.04 -0.03 0.01 0.2 -34.2 269.84 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d5.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:06 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d5
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d5.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.01 -0.02 0.00 0.7 1.7 270.29 0
# array #2, d5.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.6 7.3 269.94 0
# array #3, d5.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.03 -0.04 -0.01 0.1 22.2 271.24 0
# array #4, d5.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.05 -0.02 -0.03 1.0 -135.7 268.39 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d6.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:07 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d6
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d6.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:000 -0.02 0.01 0.00 0.8 -29.5 269.36 0
# array #2, d6.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.2 -54.0 268.93 0
# array #3, d6.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.7 151.7 270.24 0
# array #4, d6.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.02 0.0 -0.02 0.2 -111.3 269.33 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d7.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:07 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d7
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d7.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.5 10.2 269.57 0
# array #2, d7.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.7 64.5 269.50 0
# array #3, d7.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.05 -0.02 -0.01 0.5 -52.9 272.52 0
# array #4, d7.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.0 0.01 0.01 0.4 -122.2 269.86 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d8.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:08 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d8
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array 1, d8.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.7 -34.1 269.65 0
# array #2, d8.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 -0.03 0.00 0.7 -56.6 269.55 0
# array #3, d8.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.0 0.05 0.01 0.4 -132.8 271.35 0
# array #4, d8.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.01 0.0 -0.02 0.6 -147.3 271.14 0
#
# $Log: csat3.d9.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:09 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) d9
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d9.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.01 0.03 0.01 0.8 -17.1 268.70 0
# array #2, d9.4 m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.0 0.05 0.00 0.2 84.2 268.55 0
# array #3, d9.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.01 0.0 0.00 0.5 -78.1 269.04 0
# array #4, d9.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.01 0.03 -0.01 1.5 -164.9 270.83 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s0.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:09 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s0
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s0.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.05 0.05 0.00 1.3 12.7 272.62 0
# array #2, s0.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.05 0.05 0.01 0.7 118.5 272.01 0
# array #3, s0.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.0 -0.01 -0.01 0.5 -62.8 271.72 0
# array #4, s0.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.05 0.05 0.00 1.6 93.7 271.60 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s1.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:10 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s1
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s1.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.02 0.0 -0.02 1.1 -9.6 271.13 0
# array #2, s1.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.6 -10.8 270.73 0
# array #3, s1.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.04 -0.01 -0.02 1.0 -106.9 270.99 0
# array #4, s1.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 -0.04 -0.02 -0.01 0.2 -134.8 271.06 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s2.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:11 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s2
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s2.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.1 51.8 267.17 0
# array #2, s2.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.5 -25.5 268.34 0
# array #3, s2.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.01 0.02 -0.02 0.8 -100.5 269.24 0
# array #4, s2.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.6 121.2 269.82 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s3.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:11 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s3
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s3.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.01 -0.02 0.03 0.3 -58.3 268.50 0
# array #2, s3.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.01 -0.02 0.02 0.1 41.0 269.86 0
# array #3, s3.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.6 44.3 270.57 0
# array #4, s3.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.0 -0.03 -0.01 0.8 174.3 270.08 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s4.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:12 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s4
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s4.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.5 -36.3 271.92 0
# array #2, s4.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.5 -38.5 271.19 0
# array #3, s4.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0.02 -0.02 0.00 0.1 49.8 270.49 0
# array #4, s4.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.0 0.01 0.01 1.0 172.0 268.96 0
#
# $Log: csat3.s5.SGS00,v $
# Revision 1.1 2001/03/13 23:52:13 maclean
# initial checkin
#
#
# SGS00 sonic(s) s5
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s5.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.9 -77.8 266.77 0
# array #2, s5.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0.01 0.02 -0.01 0.7 -159.8 268.12 0
# array #3, s5.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 -0.01 0.02 -0.01 0.3 -115.7 270.18 0
# array #4, s5.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0.02 0.0 -0.01 1.2 179.0 270.60 0
- 117: Sonics, Site , Tue 08-May-2001 12:21:39 MDT, sonic sampling mode
By looking at the CSAT configurations (logbook 106), Ed Swiatek confirmed
that we were operating the sonics in the single sample mode, i.e. there
is one pulse per path per output sample:
From: "Edward Swiatek"
To: horst@atd.ucar.edu
Date: Tue, 8 May 2001 12:14:18 -0600
Subject: Re: CSAT configs
Tom,
All of the CSAT3s where configured to run at 20 Hz without the
oversample mode. The current sample rate is given by the AQ
parameter, e.g. AQ= 20 means 20 Hz. The oversample mode
status is given by the os= parameter, e.g. a blank mean the
oversample mode was off, a 1 means it is on.
Regards,
Ed
- 111: Sonics, Site , Thu 02-Nov-2000 09:35:39 MST, Accuracy of sonic azimuth measurements
Between arrays 2 and 3, the sonics at 8.66 m on towers 0,1,3,5,7,9 were
not moved. No work was done on tower 0, but the PAM towers 1,3,5,7,9
were lowered to work on the 4.33 m sonics. Ideally, the orientation of
these 8.66 m sonics were unchanged. Following is a comparison of Peter
Sullivan's (corrected for 2000) measurements of the azimuths for array
2 (logbook #102) and Jeff Weil's and John Militzer's measurements of
array 3 (logbook #87). Note that John repeated his measurements on
some of the towers because he questioned whether he had used the
correct reference stake for his first measurements. Peter's
measurements used the Nikon theodolite oriented with the solar
azimuth. Jeff and John's measurements used the rented Spectra
theodolite with the two triangle technique (logbook #86).
Tower PS JW JM.1 JM.2
0 137.28 137.39 137.08 136.92
1 136.20 135.78 136.55 136.63
3 135.31 135.66 135.90 135.92
5 134.93 135.84 135.48 135.34
7 136.16 137.19 136.69
9 134.99 135.22 134.41
Note that John's repeated measurements are consistant within 0.15 deg,
but that there are differences among the three persons generally on the
order of 0.5 deg and sometimes as great as 0.8 deg. The differences
for the ASTER tower 0 are the smallest, 0.2 - 0.3 deg, suggesting that
some of the differences may be real changes in the orientations of the
sonics on the PAM towers associated with lowering and raising these
towers and retensioning the guy wires.
For array 4, I measured the angles using the Nikon theodolite oriented
with the (2000) sun azimuth. John repeated these measurements using
the Spectra theodolite and the two triangle technique. I eliminated
the subjective alignment aspect by staking the theodolite positions for
my measurements, although in each case John noted whether or not he
agreed with my alignments. See logbook entry 99.
In general, John's measurements agreed with mine within +/- 0.05 deg.
Two differed by 0.1 deg, but many were within 0.01 deg. In two cases
the differences were 1.0 and 0.5 deg, but re-measurements showed these
both to be my error. Thus the two techniques are very equivalent.
For each stake, John also recorded the angles of other sonics if he
judged them to be aligned at that location. The differences of these
angles from the angles at the alignment positions that I chose were
generally on the order of 0.05 - 0.2 degrees, with the largest
difference being 0.26 deg.
My conclusions are that the two techniques are equivalent within 0.05
degree or better. The biggest uncertainty appears to be the subjective
alignment of the theodolite with the sonic. John's repeated
measurements on the 8.66 m sonics of array 3 had differences of 0.02 -
0.16 degrees. Between John and me, the differences for array 4 were
on the order of 0.1 - 0.2 degrees. Among Peter, Jeff, and John they
appear to be 0.2 - 0.3 degrees. Thus the overall accuracy of the
sonic alignments might be on the order of perhaps 0.3 degrees when the
measurements are well done.
- 110: Sonics, Site , Tue 31-Oct-2000 16:45:32 MST, sonic tilt angles
I calculated the sonic tilt angles for all the sonics in each array.
If the offset in vertical velocity from the planar fit was 3 cm/s or
greater, I went back and looked also at a plot of w versus speed to
judge the reality of the offset.
The offsets looked real for
s3.6m in array 1
b.3m in array 1 (UW#4, -3 cm/S)
d5.4m in array 4
I forced the offset to zero for
b.6m in array 1 (UW#5)
b.5m in array 4 (UW#5)
I forced the offset to -4 cm/s (as opposed to -6 cm/sec from the fit)
for b.5m in array 5 (UW#4)
The calibration files are as follows:
# SGS00 sonic(s) d0
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d0.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.01 1.4 -11.2 271.62 0
# array #2, d0.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 0.5 -62.8 271.89 0
# array #3, d0.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.01 0.7 118.5 271.92 0
# array #4, d0.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.6 2.6 270.86 0
# SGS sonic(s) d1
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d1.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.01 1.1 -33.8 270.14 0
# array #2, d1.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.01 0.9 -19.4 270.19 0
# array #3, d1.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.00 1.0 -5.0 271.12 0
# array #4, d1.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 1.1 -154.3 269.56 0
# SGS sonic(s) d2
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d2.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.6 -52.0 270.52 0
# array #2, d2.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 0.2 -151.2 271.42 0
# array #3, d2.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.02 0.6 143.9 272.16 0
# array #4, d2.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.02 0.1 55.0 270.81 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d3
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d3.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.5 46.1 269.77 0
# array #2, d3.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 1.0 35.5 269.65 0
# array #3, d3.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.8 -59.6 270.44 0
# array #4, d3.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.00 0.8 -80.0 270.11 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d4
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d4.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.6 -49.7 269.84 0
# array #2, d4.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.7 -102.8 269.76 0
# array #3, d4.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.2 170.7 270.06 0
# array #4, d4.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.01 0.2 -34.2 269.84 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d5
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d5.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 0.7 1.7 269.39 0
# array #2, d5.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.6 7.3 267.94 0
# array #3, d5.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.1 22.2 269.94 0
# array #4, d5.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.03 1.0 -135.7 269.39 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d6
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d6.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:000 0 0 0.00 0.8 -29.5 269.36 0
# array #2, d6.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.2 -54.0 269.53 0
# array #3, d6.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.01 0.7 151.7 270.74 0
# array #4, d6.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.02 0.2 -111.3 268.93 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d7
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d7.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.01 0.5 10.2 269.77 0
# array #2, d7.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.01 0.7 64.5 270.00 0
# array #3, d7.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.5 -52.9 271.22 0
# array #4, d7.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.01 0.4 -122.2 269.36 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d8
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array 1, d8.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 0.7 -34.1 269.55 0
# array #2, d8.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.7 -56.6 269.85 0
# array #3, d8.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.01 0.4 -132.8 272.25 0
# array #4, d8.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.02 0.6 -147.3 270.74 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) d9
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, d9.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.01 0.8 -17.1 269.50 0
# array #2, d9.4 m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.2 84.2 269.25 0
# array #3, d9.8m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.00 0.5 -78.1 268.94 0
# array #4, d9.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 1.5 -164.9 270.43 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s0
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s0.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.3 12.7 271.62 0
# array #2, s0.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.01 0.7 118.5 271.81 0
# array #3, s0.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.5 -62.8 271.92 0
# array #4, s0.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.6 93.7 270.90 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s1
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s1.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.02 1.1 -9.6 270.33 0
# array #2, s1.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.6 -10.8 270.73 0
# array #3, s1.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.02 1.0 -106.9 270.09 0
# array #4, s1.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.2 -134.8 270.66 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s2
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s2.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 0.1 51.8 268.97 0
# array #2, s2.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 0.5 -25.5 269.84 0
# array #3, s2.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.02 0.8 -100.5 269.64 0
# array #4, s2.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.01 0.6 121.2 270.12 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s3
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s3.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.03 0.3 -58.3 268.50 0
# array #2, s3.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.02 0.1 41.0 269.46 0
# array #3, s3.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.00 0.6 44.3 269.67 0
# array #4, s3.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.8 174.3 269.58 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s4
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s4.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.5 -36.3 270.52 0
# array #2, s4.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 0.5 -38.5 270.69 0
# array #3, s4.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 0.00 0.1 49.8 270.49 0
# array #4, s4.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.01 1.0 172.0 268.96 0
# SGS00 sonic(s) s5
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz bytshft
# Array #1, s5.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 0.9 -77.8 267.77 0
# array #2, s5.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 0.7 -159.8 269.52 0
# array #3, s5.4m
2000 Sep 16 00:25 0 0 -0.01 0.3 -115.7 270.38 0
# array #4, s5.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 1.2 179.0 270.80 0
# SGS00 lower sonic(s) on tower a
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz fATI fUSE
# Array 1 UW#6, a.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.02 0.2 -131.3 272.76 0 0
# Array 1 ATI980505 deployed at 1500 PDT, Sept 5
2000 Sep 05 22:00 0 0 -0.02 0.6 25.3 272.76 0 0.20
# Arrays #2,3 a.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 35.0 274.40 0 0.20
# Array 4, a.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 35.0 274.34 0 0.20
# SGS00 upper sonic(s) on tower a
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz fATI fUSE
# Array 1 a.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 4.3 273.48 0 0
# arrays #2&3 a.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.01 1.9 16.5 274.27 0 0
# array #4, a.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 1.4 18.0 274.73 0 0
# SGS00 lower sonic(s) on tower b
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz fATI fUSE
# Array 1 UW#4, b.3m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 -0.03 0.4 -117.3 270.75 0 0
# Array 1 ATI980303 deployed at 1527 PDT, Sept 5
2000 Sep 05 22:27 0 0 -0.01 1.0 -54.7 270.75 0 0.20
# Arrays #2&3 b.4m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 -0.01 0.2 -25.6 271.92 0 0.20
# Array #4, b.4m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 -0.01 0.2 -25.6 272.04 0 0.20
# SGS00 upper sonic(s) on tower b
#
# Date u.off v.off w.off theta phi boomaz fATI fUSE
# Array 1 b.6m
2000 Sep 01 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 -174.6 271.86 0 0
# arrays #2&3 b.8m
2000 Sep 09 18:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 142.4 272.47 0 0
# array #4, UW#5, b.5m
2000 Sep 25 00:00 0 0 0.00 1.1 114.5 273.74 0 0
# array #4, UW#4, b.5m
2000 Sep 27 16:47 0 0 -0.04 0.6 113.0 273.74 0 0
- 108: Sonics, Site , Fri 27-Oct-2000 09:25:24 MDT, Post-project wind tunnel tests
I ran each SGS CSAT sonic through the wind tunnel three times over a
period of several days, with the pitot tube 12 inches from the wall of
the tunnel. Run "a" was made from 10/13 until 10/18; run "b" was made
on 10/23 and 10/24; and run "c" was made on 10/24 and 10/25. The
resulting fits to the sonic wind speed data versus the pitot tube are
as follows for each run and then for all three runs (a+b+c) combined.
I also made two additional runs ("d" and "e") with CSAT0423 on 10/26
because of the anomolous results in the first three runs. The appended
numbers in parenthesis are the rms residuals (cm/s) of the linear
fits.
10/13/00 CSAT 0203a: sonic speed = 0.000 + 0.971*pitot speed (1.0)
10/23/00 CSAT 0203b: sonic speed = 0.021 + 0.970 pitot speed (0.8)
10/25/00 CSAT 0203c: sonic speed = 0.001 + 0.973 pitot speed (0.5)
a+b+c CSAT 0203: sonic speed = 0.005 + 0.972 pitot speed (0.5)
10/18/00 CSAT 0250a: sonic speed = 0.016 + 0.973*pitot speed (1.0)
10/23/00 CSAT 0250b: sonic speed = 0.016 + 0.970 pitot speed (0.9)
10/25/00 CSAT 0250c: sonic speed = 0.009 + 0.973 pitot speed (0.8)
a+b+c CSAT 0250: sonic speed = 0.007 + 0.974 pitot speed (0.6)
10/18/00 CSAT 0251a: sonic speed = 0.059 + 0.973*pitot speed (0.6)
10/23/00 CSAT 0251b: sonic speed = 0.062 + 0.972 pitot speed (0.7)
10/25/00 CSAT 0251c: sonic speed = 0.066 + 0.969 pitot speed (1.0)
a+b+c CSAT 0251: sonic speed = 0.062 + 0.972 pitot speed (0.5)
10/18/00 CSAT 0290a: sonic speed = 0.007 + 0.968*pitot speed (0.6)
10/23/00 CSAT 0290b: sonic speed = 0.032 + 0.965 pitot speed (1.0)
10/25/00 CSAT 0290c: sonic speed = -0.009 + 0.970 pitot speed (0.7)
a+b+c CSAT 0290: sonic speed = 0.002 + 0.969 pitot speed (0.5)
10/13/00 CSAT 0325a: sonic speed = -0.037 + 0.970*pitot speed (1.1)
10/23/00 CSAT 0325b: sonic speed = -0.005 + 0.965*pitot speed (0.8)
10/25/00 CSAT 0325c: sonic speed = -0.026 + 0.967 pitot speed (1.0)
a+b+c CSAT 0325: sonic speed = -0.023 + 0.968 pitot speed (0.6)
10/13/00 CSAT 0326a: sonic speed = 0.008 + 0.958*pitot speed (0.9)
10/23/00 CSAT 0326b: sonic speed = 0.001 + 0.955*pitot speed (0.9)
10/25/00 CSAT 0326c: sonic speed = -0.007 + 0.958 pitot speed (0.8)
a+b+c CSAT 0326: sonic speed = -0.012 + 0.959 pitot speed (0.6)
10/13/00 CSAT 0333a: sonic speed = 0.023 + 0.971*pitot speed (0.9)
10/23/00 CSAT 0333b: sonic speed = 0.029 + 0.966 pitot speed (0.8)
10/25/00 CSAT 0333c: sonic speed = 0.038 + 0.966 pitot speed (0.9)
a+b+c CSAT 0333: sonic speed = 0.035 + 0.967 pitot speed (0.6)
10/16/00 CSAT 0364a: sonic speed = 0.008 + 0.966*pitot speed (0.7)
10/23/00 CSAT 0364b: sonic speed = 0.011 + 0.960 pitot speed (0.6)
10/25/00 CSAT 0364c: sonic speed = 0.009 + 0.961 pitot speed (0.7)
a+b+c CSAT 0364: sonic speed = -0.009 + 0.965 pitot speed (0.6)
10/16/00 CSAT 0367a: sonic speed = -0.035 + 0.973*pitot speed (1.2)
10/23/00 CSAT 0367b: sonic speed = -0.045 + 0.972 pitot speed (1.6)
10/25/00 CSAT 0367c: sonic speed = -0.044 + 0.972 pitot speed (1.4)
a+b+c CSAT 0367: sonic speed = -0.039 + 0.971 pitot speed (0.8)
10/16/00 CSAT 0373a: sonic speed = 0.004 + 0.972*pitot speed (0.7)
10/23/00 CSAT 0373b: sonic speed = 0.016 + 0.967 pitot speed (0.7)
10/25/00 CSAT 0373c: sonic speed = -0.002 + 0.972 pitot speed (0.8)
a+b+c CSAT 0373: sonic speed = -0.002 + 0.972 pitot speed (0.6)
10/16/00 CSAT 0374a: sonic speed = -0.030 + 0.978*pitot speed (1.2)
10/23/00 CSAT 0374b: sonic speed = -0.012 + 0.970 pitot speed (0.9)
10/25/00 CSAT 0374c: sonic speed = -0.027 + 0.974 pitot speed (0.8)
a+b+c CSAT 0374: sonic speed = -0.023 + 0.973 pitot speed (0.6)
10/16/00 CSAT 0375a: sonic speed = 0.012 + 0.975*pitot speed (0.9)
10/23/00 CSAT 0375b: sonic speed = -0.032 + 0.979 pitot speed (1.4)
10/25/00 CSAT 0375c: sonic speed = -0.001 + 0.975 pitot speed (0.8)
a+b+c CSAT 0375: sonic speed = -0.025 + 0.978 pitot speed (0.7)
10/16/00 CSAT 0376a: sonic speed = 0.022 + 0.973*pitot speed (0.9)
10/23/00 CSAT 0376b: sonic speed = 0.077 + 0.963 pitot speed (0.9)
10/25/00 CSAT 0376c: sonic speed = 0.020 + 0.975 pitot speed (1.3)
a+b+c CSAT 0376: sonic speed = 0.035 + 0.971 pitot speed (0.7)
10/16/00 CSAT 0378a: sonic speed = -0.047 + 0.973*pitot speed (1.2)
10/24/00 CSAT 0378b: sonic speed = -0.024 + 0.968 pitot speed (1.0)
10/25/00 CSAT 0378c: sonic speed = -0.019 + 0.968 pitot speed (1.1)
a+b+c CSAT 0378: sonic speed = -0.038 + 0.971 pitot speed (0.8)
10/16/00 CSAT 0379a: sonic speed = -0.003 + 0.968*pitot speed (1.0)
10/24/00 CSAT 0379b: sonic speed = 0.016 + 0.962 pitot speed (0.7)
10/24/00 CSAT 0379c: sonic speed = -0.009 + 0.964 pitot speed (0.7)
a+b+c CSAT 0379: sonic speed = 0.006 + 0.964 pitot speed (0.5)
10/16/00 CSAT 0422a: sonic speed = -0.053 + 0.973*pitot speed (1.2)
10/24/00 CSAT 0422b: sonic speed = -0.031 + 0.966 pitot speed (1.0)
10/24/00 CSAT 0422c: sonic speed = -0.030 + 0.965 pitot speed (0.9)
a+b+c CSAT 0422: sonic speed = -0.041 + 0.968 pitot speed (0.8)
10/18/00 CSAT 0423a: sonic speed = -0.079 + 0.971*pitot speed (1.9)
10/24/00 CSAT 0423b: sonic speed = -0.049 + 0.962 pitot speed (1.7)
10/24/00 CSAT 0423c: sonic speed = -0.047 + 0.960 pitot speed (1.7)
a+b+c CSAT 0423: sonic speed = -0.071 + 0.966 pitot speed (1.2)
10/26/00 CSAT 0423d: sonic speed = -0.082 + 0.971 pitot speed (2.0)
10/26/00 CSAT 0423e: sonic speed = -0.085 + 0.972 pitot speed (2.1)
a+b+c+d+e CSAT 0423: sonic speed = -0.083 + 0.970 pitot speed (1.0)
6/29/01
Because of their large offsets, SN's 251 and 423 were set to the
manufacturer for recalibration. Following is Ed Swiatek's report:
From: "Edward Swiatek"
To: horst@atd.ucar.edu
Date: Tue, 14 Nov 2000 10:16:08 -0700
Subject: Re: SGS update
Tom,
[text cut]
> In October, I completed post-project wind tunnel tests of the 17 CSAT3
> sonics, running three individual tests per sonic, and have now shipped
> them back to their owners. The results, which I forwarded to you,
> show very good consistency among the sonics. Two exceptions, SN 0251
> from UIA and SN 0423 from UMN, had offsets on the order of 6-8 cm/s,
> which exceeds the factory spec of +/- 4 cm/s. These two sonics have
> been sent to Campbell for recalibration. Ed Swiatek will provide the
> pre- and post- calibration specs in case those can be useful for data
> interpretation. Hopefully, the consequences of these small offsets
> are negligible.
The recalibration of s/n 0251 and 0423 was finished last week and
the CSAT3s were shipped to their respective owners. The
recalibration shows that s/n 0423's offset changed, but not outside
of the CSAT3's specifications. At this time I can not explain why
you saw an 8 cm/s offset for s/n 0423 during the wind tunnel
calibration.
The Ux and Uy offset, for s/n 0251, changed by as much as -8
cm/s at 0 degrees C and by as much as +4 cm/s at 40 degrees C,
respectly. I will send you, by facsimile, several graphs that show
the change in the Ux, Uy, and Uz offset with temperature for
CSAT3 s/n 0251 and 0423.
- 106: Sonics, Site , Sat 30-Sep-2000 12:25:00 PDT, CSAT configurations
Following are the CSAT configurations obtained with
rserial -A cosmos channel
T
??
Note that this was done from 1140 PDT until 1230 PDT, September 30, so there
are missing data on the CSAT sonics for this period.
Cosmos 200
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=413a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=bba d TNb=cba JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0422 31may00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=03159 &=1 os=
Cosmos 201
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=322a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=1 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=bcc d TNb=bcc JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=041 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0423 31may00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=46995 &=1 os=
Cosmos 202
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=222a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=dcd d TNb=dcd JD= 005
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=046 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0250 27may98 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=31984 &=1 os=
Cosmos 203
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=131a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=017 016 016 TNo=fee d TNb=ede JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=9 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=046 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0326 19jul00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=30529 &=1 os=
Cosmos 204
Would not enter terminal mode
Therefore, I printed out the config for S/N 0373 after returning to Boulder,
Oct 11:
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=222a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0
AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=017 016 016 ELb=017 016 016 TNo=dce d TNb=ede
JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=9 8 8 tlb=9 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD=
duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1
XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0373 23nov99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1
rev 3.0a cs=55215 &=1 os=
Cosmos 205
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=212a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=017 016 016 ELb=015 017 016 TNo=eec d TNb=ded JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=9 8 8 tlb=7 9 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=046 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0375 01dec99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=01082 &=1 os=
Cosmos 206
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=222a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=ecd d TNb=ecd JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=046 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0378 01dec99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=16582 &=1 os=
Cosmos 207
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=111a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 017 017 ELb=016 017 017 TNo=fdc d TNb=edd JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 9 9 tlb=8 9 9 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0325 14jul00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=35813 &=1 os=
Cosmos 208
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=111a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=edd d TNb=dcd JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=046 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0364 22aug00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=23461 &=1 os=
Cosmos 209
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=121a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=eef d TNb=ede JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=045 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0374 01dec99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=42585 &=1 os=
Cosmos 210
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=322a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 017 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=ced d TNb=ced JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 9 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0367 01nov99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=28315 &=1 os=
Cosmos 211
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=122a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=017 016 016 ELb=017 016 016 TNo=ccd d TNb=ccc JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=9 8 8 tlb=9 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0251 24aug00 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=03750 &=1 os=
Cosmos 212
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=211a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 017 017 ELb=016 017 016 TNo=d9d d TNb=dbe JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 9 9 tlb=8 9 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0376 01dec99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=57390 &=1 os=
Cosmos 213
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=111a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 017 ELb=016 017 017 TNo=eee d TNb=ede JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 9 tlb=8 9 9 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0333 16jun99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=03509 &=1 os=
Cosmos 214
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=215a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=017 016 015 ELb=017 016 015 TNo=fea d TNb=fea JD= 005
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=9 8 7 tlb=9 8 7 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0290 18nov98 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=16423 &=1 os=
Cosmos 215
ET= 20 ts=i XD=d GN=222a TK=1 P=5 FK=0 RN=1 IT=1 DR=102 rx=2 fx=038 BX=0 AH=1 AT=0 RS=1 BR=0 RI=0 GO=00000 HA=0 6X=3 3X=2 PD=2 SD=0 ?d sa=1
WM=o ar=0 ZZ=0 DC=4 ELo=016 016 016 ELb=016 016 016 TNo=dde d TNb=dee JD= 007
C0o=-2-2-2 C0b=-2-2-2 RC=0 tlo=8 8 8 tlb=8 8 8 DTR=01740 CA=1 TD= duty=047 AQ= 20 AC=1 CD=0 SR=1 X=0 MX=0 DT=02320 DTC=01160 RD=o ss=1 XP=2 RF=018 DS=007 SN0379 01dec99 HF=005 JC=3 CB=3 MD=5 DF=05000 RNA=1 rev 3.0a cs=45107 &=1 os=
- 105: Sonics, Site , Sat 30-Sep-2000 09:55:24 PDT, Hawk on sonic
When I arrived at the measurement array around 08:15 PDT, Sept 30, there
was a hawk roosting on sonic a.5m. I shooed him away at 08:55 PDT.
There was an anomolous excursion of tc.a.5m from about 0700 PDT until
0900 PDT.
- 102: Sonics, Site , Thu 28-Sep-2000 12:59:49 PDT, Corrections to sonic azimuth angles, arrays #1 and #2
On September 4, I measured the azimuth angles of the sonics, using
a theodolite, properly oriented using known sun angles.
Note that the theodolite was oriented using data from Sept 4-5, 1900,
rather than Sept 4-5, 2000. The corrections are entered below.
First, (11:10 PDT)I measured the azimuth of a line between stations
a and b (Taylor's hypothesis towers; note that tower b is nominally
NW of tower a).
The measured azimuth of a relative to b is 135 deg 53'25".
The correction is +19'36", so that the correct azimuth is
136 deg 13'01".
The sonic azimuths are:
Tower Height Time Azimuth Correction Corrected
(m) (PDT) (deg) Azimuth
----- ------ ----- ---------- ---------- ---------
a 3 11:45 137 55'07" +18'35" 138.23
6 12:00 138 40'11" +16'47" 138.95
b 3 11:10 135 53'25" +19'36" 136.22
6 11:30 137 00'15" +19'47" 137.33
0 3 12:20 136 50'48" +14'23" 137.09
6 12:20 136 50'48" +14'23" 137.09
1 3 14:00 135 46'00" -9'36" 135.61
6 14:15 135 59'20" -11'24" 135.80
2 3 14:35 136 12'40" -13'12" 135.99
3 3 14:55 135 29'08" -14'24" 135.24
6 15:00 134 41'38" -15'00" 134.44
4 3 15:40 135 33'50" -15'00" 135.31
5 3 16:00 135 07'04" -15'37" 134.86
6 16:30 134 13'07" -15'00" 133.97
6 3 16:50 135 04'25" -14'25" 134.83
7 3 09:20 134 55'50" +18'35" 135.24
6 09:35 135 40'15" +19'13" 135.99
8 3 10:05 134 42'00" +19'11" 135.02
9 3 10:15 134 38'25' +19'49" 134.97
6 10:30 132 54'20" +19'48" 133.24
Jan Kleissl measured the azimuths after 15:00 PDT, September 4
(towers 4-9). He finished towers 7-9 on the morning of September 5.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Array #2:
Peter Sullivan measured the sonic angles with the theodolite on
September 11 and 12. Towers a,b,0-4 were measured on September
11 and towers 5-9 on September 12.
These measurements were made using sun angles for Sept 11-12, 1900
to orient the theodolite, rather than Sept 11-12, 2000. Following
are the correct angles.
Correct
Tower Height Time Azimuth Correction Azimuth
(m) (PDT) (deg) (deg)
----- ------ ----- ----------- ---------- --------
0 4 16:50 137 35'40" -13'49" 137.36
8 17:00 137 31'25" -14'23" 137.28
1 4 15:30 135 53'18" -13'47" 135.66
8 16:30 136 25'38" -13'48" 136.20
2 4 17:15 137 07'15" -13'49" 136.89
3 4 17:30 135 20'47" -13'48" 135.12
8 17:45 135 32'20" -13'48" 135.31
4 4 18:00 135 27'52" -13'49" 135.23
5 4 9:00 133 06'35" +17'59" 133.41
8 9:10 134 37'20" +18'36" 134.93
6 4 9:30 134 41'27" +18'37" 135.00
7 4 9:50 135 08'45" +19'11" 135.47
8 10:05 135 49'47" +19'48" 136.16
8 4 10:20 134 59'10" +19'49" 135.32
9 4 10:35 134 23'25" +19'48" 134.72
8 10:45 134 39'17" +20'24" 134.99
a 4 12:25 139 39'18" +12'37" 139.87
8 12:45 139 36'43" + 7'48" 139.74
b 4 11:25 137 04'20" +19'12" 137.39
8 11:55 137 39'20" +16'48" 137.94
- 99: Sonics, Site , Wed 27-Sep-2000 10:22:55 PDT, Sonic azimuths, array #4
On September 26, Don Lenschow and I began to measure the sonics azimuths
for array 4.
Tower Height Time* Azimuth Correction** Correct azimuth
(m) (PDT) (deg) (deg)
---- ------ ----- ---------- ---------- ---------------
b 4 15:25 138 01'15" -11'59" 137 49'16' = 137.82
b 5 15:55 139 43'35" -12'37" 139 30'58' = 139.52
a 4 16:25 140 19'35" -12'36" 140 6'59" = 140.12
a 5 16:45 140 43'47" -13'12" 140 30'35" = 140.51
*estimated
**correction for using year 1900 sun angle data rather than year 2000 data.
Note that the correction is about 0.2 degrees.
I completed measuring the sonic angles with the Nikon on the afternoon
of September 27. I marked the measurement locations with stakes for
John to use the two triangle method with the rented Spectra theodolite.
Sonic Time* Azimuth Azimuth
(PDT) (deg) (deg)
----- ----- ---------- -------
d1 13:10 135 20'25" 135.34
d2 13:25 135 34'07" 135.57
s1 14:45 136 26'23" 136.44
d3 14:55 135 25'07" 135.42
s2 15:15 135 53'43" 135.90
d4 15:50 135 37'25" 135.62
d5 " 135 10'00" 135.17
d6 " 134 42'22" 134.71
s2 " 135 48'30" 135.81
s3 16:15 135 21'28" 135.36
s4 " 134 44'40" 134.74
d6** " 134 52'40" 134.88
s0 16:40 136 40'35" 136.68
d0 " 136 38'35" 136.64
s5 16:55 136 34'48" 136.58
d8 17:15 136 31'25" 136.52
d9 17:25 136 12'30" 136.21
d7 17:45 135 08'37" 135.14
*accurate time of orienting theodolite to known sun angle
**originally I recorded this as d7, but John pointed out that d7 was
not aligned at this location, but d6 was.
John's measurements:
Azimuth measurements (deg,min,sec)
------------------------------------------------------- Derived
Sonic N C W Sonic Azimuth
----- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
d1,* 0 57,58,00 113,54,00 61,05,20 135.34
180,00,20 237,58,00 293,53,40 241,05,40 135.35
s3,* 0 59,14,20 115,51,40 61,06,20 135.39
180,00,20 239,14,20 295,51,40 241,06,40 135.40
s4,ok 60,29,40 134.78
240,29,40 134.78
d6,ok 60,37,20 134.91
240,37,40 134.92
d4,JM 61,35,40 135.88
241,36,00 135.89
s1,JM 62,21,00 135.63
242,21,00 136.64
s2,JM 61,44,00 136.02
241,44,00 136.02
d4,ok 0 59,01,20 115,29,00 61,18,20 135.68
180,00,00 239,01,00 295,29,00 241,18,20 135.66
d5,ok 60,50,20 135.21
240,50,20 135.20
d6,ok 60,20,00 134.71
240,20,00 134.69
s2,ok 61,26,00 135.81
241,26,00 135.79
s1,JM 62,03,20 136.43
242,03,20 136.41
s2,ok 0 58,53,40 115,11,00 61,20,00 135.90
180,00,00 238,53,40 295,11,00 241,20,00 135.90
s1,JM 61,57,00 136.52
241,57,20 136.52
d6,JM 60,14,20 134.80
240,14,20 134.80
d4,JM 61,12,20 135.77
241,12,20 135.77
John finished the measurements on the afternoon of September 28.
s0,ok 0 71,15,20 131,47,40 64,59,00 136.74
180,00,00 251,15,00 311,47,20 244,59,00 136.75
d0,ok 64,57,00 136.71
244,57,00 136.72
d2,ok 0 58,47,40 115,04,20 62,00,20 136.49
180,00,00 238,47,20 295,04,20 242,00,20 136.49
d3,ok 0 58,45,40 115,02,20 61,25,20 135.88
180,00,00 238,45,40 295,02,40 241,25,20 135.87
s1,ok 0 58,51,20 115,07,40 61,53,20 136.45
180,00,00 238,51,20 295,07,40 241,53,40 136.45
d7,ok 0 57,55,40 112,54,00 59,01,40 135.15
180,00,00 237,55,20 292,54,20 239,01,40 135.12
s5,ok 0 58,03,40 112,35,20 59,17,40 136.55
179,59,40 237,59,00 292,29,40 239,23,40 136.57
d8,ok 0 58,03,40 112,35,20 59,17,40 136.52
180,00,00 238,03,40 292,35,40 239,17,40 136.51
d9,ok 0 58,11,20 112,48,00 58,59,00 136.18
179,59,40 238,11,20 292,48,00 238,59,00 136.17
ok: John agrees with my alignment
JM: John sees this sonic as also aligned well at this location
*John sees alignment as being slightly off
September 30
------------
There is a large disagreement between John's values for d2 and d3 and
my measurments:
Sonic Time* Azimuth Azimuth
(PDT) (deg) (deg)
----- ----- ---------- -------
d2 13:25 135 34'07" 135.57
d3 14:55 135 25'07" 135.42
Azimuth measurements (deg,min,sec)
------------------------------------------------------- Derived
Sonic N C W Sonic Azimuth
----- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
d2,ok 0 58,47,40 115,04,20 62,00,20 136.49
180,00,00 238,47,20 295,04,20 242,00,20 136.49
d3,ok 0 58,45,40 115,02,20 61,25,20 135.88
180,00,00 238,45,40 295,02,40 241,25,20 135.87
Thus I remeasured d2 and d3 this morning. The stakes are only about 10cm
apart, so I measured the azimuths of both sonics from each stake. Although
the both sonics d2 and d3 look good from each stake, it can be seen that
d2 is slightly better aligned with stake d2 and similarly for sonic d3 from
stake d3.
Stake Sonic Time* Azimuth Azimuth
(PDT) (deg) (deg)
----- ----- ----- ---------- -------
d2 d2 08:20 136 35'30" 136.59
d3 136 5'10" 136.09
d3 d2 08:35 136 24'33" 136.41
d3 135 53'27" 135.89
These measurements agree significantly better with John's measurements.
- 98: Sonics, Site , Wed 27-Sep-2000 10:02:08 PDT, Replaced 5m sonic on tower b
Replaced sonic UW5 with sonic UW 4 at the 5m (upper) level
on tower b. The pickup left the vicinity of the tower around
0945 PDT.
b.5m was showing occasional large excursions in w'tc' and tc'tc'.
It's possible these were caused by hawks perching on the sonic.
- 87: Sonics, Site , Fri 22-Sep-2000 08:29:19 PDT, Sonic azimuths for array #3
On September 21 and 22, Jeff Weil measured the sonic angles using
the technique described in entry 86.
On September 21, Jeff made the following measurements from 1500 PDT
to 1800 PDT. In reference to logbook entry 264, the EW baseline is
line A and the NS baseline is line E. BM1 is located at the north
end of line E, the intersection of D and E. BM2 is located at the
south end of line E, the intersection of A and E. BM3 is located
at the east end of line A, the intersection of B and A.
Thus the angle BM2 is angle e, and
the angle BM3 is the sum of angles a and e.
EW baseline (A): 70.37m*
NS baseline (E): 77.70m*
*On September 22 we remeasured these distances to be:
EW baseline (A): 73.52m
NS baseline (E): 77.65m
We believe that on September 21 we mistakenly wrote down
70.37m for 73.70m. Note that the 9/22 distances are
slightly shorter than the 9/21 distances. We believe
that the 9/22 measurements are better.
The angle between A and E (f=b+d) is 90 degrees.
John Militzer and I remeasured this angle on 9/23 because the
theodolite was not directly above BM2 on 9/21. However we also
measured the angle to be 90 degrees (90.00.20 using the theodolite
in one direction and 89.59.40 in the other direction).
This angle was again confirmed to be 90 degrees on September 27,
when we measured the true azimuths of the two lines. See below.
d.m.s = deg, min, sec
Tower Height BM1 BM2 BM3 Sonic Azimuth
(m) (d.m.s) (d.m.s) (d.m.s) (d.m.s) (deg)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 4.33 0 41.24 80.49.20 37.19.20 137.39
0 8.66 37.19.20 137.39
1 8.66 0 40.59.40 80.38.40 31.16.28 135.78
180.00.40 220.59.40 260.38.40 211.16.40
2 8.66 0 41.33.40 81.47.00 32.09.40 137.63
0 32.09.20
3 8.66 0 41.52.0 82.23.40 29.31.20 135.66
0 82.24.00 29.31.20
4 8.66 0 42.19.40 83.15.40 28.39.40 135.53
0 83.15.40 28.40.00
0 42.25.40 83.23.20 28.41.40 135.10
42.22.40 83.20.20 28.38.40 135.43
00.00.20 42.23.20 83.21.00 28.39.20 135.37
4 4.33 0 42.19.40 83.15.40 28.41.20 135.56
4.5 4.33 0 42.28.40 83.32.00 28.02.40 135.11
83.32.00 28.02.40
5 4.33 0 42.43.20 83.59.00 27.36.40 135.14
0.0.20 83.59.00 27.36.40
These angle measurements were continued on September 22, from 0900 PDT
until about 1200 PDT:
5 8.66 0 42.57.00 84.23.20 27.57.20 135.84
0 84.23.20 27.57.20
5.5 4.33 0 43.06.40 84.42.00 27.27.00 135.96
359.59.40 84.42.00
6 8.66 0 43.32.00 85.25.00 27.08.00 136.21
0 85.25.00 27.08.00
6 4.33 0 43.29.40 85.20.20 27.00.40 135.85
0 43.29.20 85.20.20 27.00.40
7 8.66 0 44.02.20 86.18.20 26.19.20 137.19
359.59.40 86.18.00 26.19.20
8 8.66 0 44.31.20 87.06.00 25.17.20 137.72
0 87.06.00 25.17.00
0 44.34.00 87.09.40 25.18.40 137.64
87.09.20 25.18.40
9 8.66 0 44.26.20 86.57.20 23.19.00 135.22 0 86.57.20 23.19.00
In the afternoon of September 23, John Militzer repeated these
measurements on some of the sonics at the 8.66 m height. John repeated
each set of theodolite readings by inverting the telescope of the
theodolite. He also repeated some of the measurements with a
newly-placed theodolite location, after questioning whether he had used
the correct stake for finding BM1.
Tower BM1 BM2 BM3 Sonic Azimuth
(d.m.s) (d.m.s) (d.m.s) (d.m.s) (deg)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 0 37.52.00 74.22.20 33.57.00 137.08
180.00.00 217.52.00 254.22.20 213.57.00
1 0 40.20.40 79.37.00 30.51.20 136.55
180.00.20 220.20.40 259.37.20 210.51.20
3 0 39.54.20 79.08.20 27.59.40 135.90
180.00.00 219.54.20 259.08.00 207.59.40
5 0 40.16.00 80.01.40 25.50.20 135.48
180.00.00 220.16.00 260.01.20 205.50.20
7 0 38.43.40 78.03.00 22.24.00 136.69
180.00.00 218.43.20 258.03.00 202.24.20
9 0 40.02.20 80.15.00 20.14.00 134.41
180.00.00 220.02.00 260.15.20 200.14.20
5 0 42.38.20 83.51.40 27.37.00 135.34
180.00.00 222.38.00 263.51.40 207.37.00
3 0 42.05.40 82.47.40 29.44.20 135.92
180.00.20 222.05.20 262.47.20 209.44.20
1 0 40.36.40 80.05.00 31.05.00 136.63
180.00.00 220.36.40 260.04.40 211.05.00
0 0 37.58.20 74.32.20 34.00.40 136.92
180.00.00 217.58.00 254.32.40 214.01.00
On September 26, we got back the repaired Nikon theodolite. Don Lenschow
and I measured the true azimuths of BM1 and BM3 relative to BM2, by
placing the theodolite over BM2 and orienting it with the sun. The
measured azimuths are:
BM2 to BM1: 0 deg 37' 00"
BM2 to BM3: 270 deg 37' 00"
However, I realized later that day that we have been using the sun angles
for year 1900. At the time of these measurements (~1450 PDT, September 26),
the azimuths angle for 1900 is higher than that for 2000 by 9' 36". Thus
the corrected angles are:
BM2 to BM1: 0 deg 27' 24" = 0.46 deg
BM2 to BM3: 270 deg 27' 24" = 270.46 deg
Note that 9' corresponds to 0.15 degrees. It also appears that the sun
angle tables have a resolution of 0.01 degrees (36").
11/2/00
The last column above, labeled azimuth, was caculated using the NS angle
equal to 0.46 degrees.
- 86: Sonics, Site , Thu 21-Sep-2000 16:23:24 PDT, Finding sonic angles without the sun
The Nikon theodolite cannot be easily rotated about its
vertical axis relative to its base. We have sent it to
a repair shop. The only theodolite that we can find to
rent cannot be aligned relative to true north using the
sun, as is our normal procedure.
As an alternative, Jeff Weil developed a technique to
measure the orientation of the sonics relative to a
surveyed baseline. We do not know the orientation of
this baseline, but will hopefully determine it after
return of the repaired Nikon theodolite.
Jeff's technique uses the following geometry:
D
o................x
.\ e c' |
. \ |
.a \ |
. \ |
. \ |
. \ |
. \ |
B . \ C | E
. \ |
. \ |
. \ |
. \ |
. \ |
. \ d|
. s \ |
. c b \|
x----------------x
A
Here the end points of lines A and E, marked with x's, are surveyed
by measuring the included angle, f=b+d, and the distances A and B.
Note that I have drawn this as a rectangle, but this is not a
requirement or assumption of the technique.
Then the theodolite is placed at location o, in a line with the u
axis of one of the sonic anemometers, at location s. Then the angles
a and e are measured along with the relative angle to the sonic at s.
The angle d is then found using the following relationships:
A^2 + B^2 - 2*A*B*cos(c) = C^2
a + b + c = pi
sin(b)/B = sin(a)/A
E^2 + D^2 - 2*E*D*cos(c') = C^2
d + e + c' = pi
sin(d)/D + sin(e)/E
b+d = f
I have solved this set of equations with the following S program:
find.angle <- function(a,e,A,E,f=pi/2, d1=0,d2=pi, dacc=pi/180*0.1,
verbose=F, browse=F)
{
# Function to find one angle, d, in a pair of triangles
# with a common side, given measurementss of three other angles,
# a,e,f, and the lengths of two sides A and E.
# dacc is an acceptable value for dd, the nth refinement for d
# First bracket the root using zbrac, Numerical Recipes, Ch 9.1
if (d1 == d2)
stop(paste("d1 =",d1, "and d2 =",d2, "cannot be equal\n"))
ntry <- 50
jtry <- 0
factor <- 1.6
f1 <- two.triangle(d1, a,e,f,A,E)
f2 <- two.triangle(d2, a,e,f,A,E)
while (f1*f2 > 0 & jtry < ntry) {
jtry <- jtry+1
if (abs(f1) < abs(f2)) {
d1 <- d1 + factor*(d1-d2)
f1 <- two.triangle(d1, a,e,f,A,E)
}
else {
d2 <- d2 + factor*(d2-d1)
f2 <- two.triangle(d2, a,e,f,A,E)
}
}
if (verbose)
cat(jtry,signif(c(c(d1,d2)-d1,dacc)*180/pi,3),"\n")
# Now find the root using Newton-Raphson method,
# rtnewt, Numerical Recipies, Ch 9.4
jmax <- 20
j <- 0
d <- (d1+d2)/2
dd <- 2*dacc
while (abs(dd) > dacc & j < jmax) {
j <- j+1
# dd = -f(d)/f'(d)
dd <- -two.triangle(d, a,e,f,A,E)/two.triangle(d, a,e,f,A,E, T)
d <- d + dd
if ((d1-d)*(d-d2) < 0)
warning(paste("rtnewt jumped out of brackets, j=",j,"\n"))
if (verbose)
cat(j,signif(c(d,dd,d-d1)*180/pi,3),"\n")
}
if (browse)
browser()
d <- abs(d)
if(d > pi)
d <- d-pi
d
}
two.triangle <- function(d, a,e,f,A,E, derivative=F)
{
# function to calculate triangle function and its derivative,
# given angles a and b
b <- f-d
c <- pi-(a+b)
cp <- pi-(e+d)
B <- A*sin(b)/sin(a)
D <- E*sin(d)/sin(e)
dB <- -A*cos(b)/sin(a)
dcosc <- -sin(c)
dD <- E*cos(d)/sin(e)
dcoscp <- sin(cp)
if (derivative)
f <- 2*B*dB - 2*A*(dB*cos(c) + B*dcosc) -
(2*D*dD - 2*E*(dD*cos(cp) + D*dcoscp))
else
f <- A^2 + B^2 - 2*A*B*cos(c) - (E^2 + D^2 - 2*E*D*cos(cp))
}
- 51: Sonics, Site , Tue 12-Sep-2000 11:13:40 PDT, Sonic azimuths, Array #2
Peter Sullivan measured the sonic angles with the theodolite on
September 11 and 12. Towers a,b,0-4 were measured on September
11 and towers 5-9 on September 12.
These measurements were made using sun angles for Sept 11-12, 1900
to orient the theodolite, rather than Sept 11-12, 2000. The
corrections are listed in logbook entry 102.
4.33 m 8.66 m
--------------- ---------------
Tower Time Azimuth Time Azimuth
(PDT) (deg) (PDT) (deg)
0 16:50 137 35' 40" 17:00 137 31' 25"
1 15:30 135 53' 18" 16:30 136 25' 38"
2 17:15 137 07' 15"
3 17:30 135 20' 47" 17:45 135 32' 20"
4 18:00 135 27' 52"
5 9:00 133 06' 35" 09:10 134 37' 20"
6 9:30 134 41' 27"
7 9:50 135 08' 45" 10:05 135 49' 47"
8 10:20 134 59' 10"
9 10:35 134 23' 25" 10:45 134 39' 17"
a 12:25 139 39' 18" 12:45 139 36 43"
b 11:25 137 04' 20" 11:55 137 39' 20"
- 33: Sonics, Site , Wed 06-Sep-2000 15:27:40 PDT, sonic azimuth angles of ab towers
shoot azimuth angles of the new ATI sonics on towers a and b with theodolite.
a 3m: 138 deg 47' 44"
b 3m: 138 deg 34' 44"
the shooting was done from 14:40 until 15:15
- 31: Sonics, Site , Tue 05-Sep-2000 16:49:19 PDT, 4 hour time tag glitches
We see spikes in the Splus dat variable "samples.sonic",
which is the number of samples in each 5 minute average.
These spikes occur exactly every 4 hours. The number of samples usually
jumps from a value which is varying between 5999 and 6000 to
6003 or 6004. Once it jumped down to 5998.
The adam contacts ASTER to correct its clock every 4 hours from the
time it was rebooted. Therefore I suspect that the spikes in
samples.sonic are due to the adam's clock being adjusted forward or back,
causing more or fewer samples to be included in each of the 5 minute
statistics.
Both daisy and cosmos were last rebooted on Sep 02 at 11:21 PDT.
The spikes are occuring at 17min 30 sec and 22min 30 sec after
the hour.
- 30: Sonics, Site , Tue 05-Sep-2000 16:08:57 PDT, Replaced 3.45 m sonics on towers a and b
The 3.45m UW sonic on tower a (UW#6) had a speed, sqrt(u^2 + v^2),
that was anomolous by as much as 20 cm/s. Thus Jan Kleissl and I
replaced both 3.45m UW sonics on towers a and b with ATI K probes.
On tower A we replaced UW#6 with ATI 980505 at 14:57:30 PDT.
On tower B we replaced UW#4 with ATI 980303 at 15:22:30 PDT.
- 29: Sonics, Site , Tue 05-Sep-2000 12:50:23 PDT, Sonic azimuth angles, array #1
On September 4, I measured the azimuth angles of the sonics, using
a theodolite, properly oriented using known sun angles.
Note that the theodolite was oriented using data from Sept 4-5, 1900,
rather than Sept 4-5, 2000. The corrections are in logbook entry 102.
First, (11:10 PDT)I measured the azimuth of a line between stations
a and b (Taylor's hypothesis towers; note that tower b is nominally
NW of tower a).
The measured azimuth of a relative to b is 135 deg 53' 25".
The sonic azimuths are:
3.45m 6.90m
Time Azimuth Time Azimuth
(PDT) (deg) (PDT) (deg)
a 11:45 137 55' 07" 12:00 138 40' 11"
b 11:10 135 53' 25" 11:30 137 00' 15"
0 12:20 136 50' 48" 12:20 136 50' 48"
1 14:00 135 46' 00" 14:15 135 59' 20"
2 14:35 136 12' 40"
3 14:55 135 29' 08" 15:00 134 41' 38"
4 15:40 135 33' 50"
5 16:00 135 07' 04" 16:30 134 13' 07"
6 16:50 135 04' 25"
7 09:20 134 55' 50" 09:35 135 40' 15"
8 10:05 134 42' 00"
9 10:15 134 38' 25' 10:30 132 54' 20"
Jan Kleissl measured the azimuths after 15:00 PDT, September 4
(towers 4-9). He finished towers 7-9 on the morning of September 5.
- 22: Sonics, Site , Sun 03-Sep-2000 09:30:04 PDT, new sonic, lower level tower b (9/3/00;925 am pst)
Installed new sonic (Jan and Marc) 9 am on the lower level of tower b
(The new sonic is B-NUW4-c; the old one was B-NUW3-c). (Also the lower sonic on
tower a (not changed) is B-NUW6-c.)
Changing the lower sonic on tower b appears to have corrected the problem
and the top sonic (for "some" reason) is now working. (This sonic was not
changed). Gordan noted the two sonics are now "spitting" clean data.
The KH20 was cleaned. Also noted the wind is blowing from the north east!
Cooler weather, broken clouds, general clearing of clouds.
- 15: Sonics, Site , Tue 18-Jul-2000 10:29:57 MDT, Revised wind tunnel results
5/23/00
I ran the seven PSU CSAT sonics in the NCAR wind tunnel. The test
section of this wind tunnel has a circular cross section with a
diameter of 35".
The sonic was mounted approximately in the center of the test section
using a vertical post which supported the sonic about 14" above the
bottom of the test section. The pitot tube used as a speed rererence
is mounted adjacent to the sonic about 12" from the side wall of the
test section.
For each sonic, data were collected at 9 speeds from 0 to a little more
than 15 m/s. At each speed, 60 data samples were collected from both
the sonic and the pitot tube. The average and standard deviations of
each 60-sample period were calculated with the following regressions
between the sonic speed, sqrt(u^2 + v^2 + w^2), and the pitot tube
speed.
PSU 0367: sonic speed = 0.003 m/s + 0.969 pitot speed
PSU 0373: sonic speed = 0.024 m/s + 0.968 pitot speed
PSU 0374: sonic speed = 0.009 m/s + 0.969 pitot speed
PSU 0375: sonic speed = 0.014 m/s + 0.972 pitot speed
PSU 0376: sonic speed = 0.011 m/s + 0.968 pitot speed
PSU 0378: sonic speed = -0.006 m/s + 0.967 pitot speed
PSU 0379: sonic speed = 0.006 m/s + 0.964 pitot speed
The average gain is 0.968 +/- 0.002
It is easy to conjecture that the flow is retarded at the sonic
transducer array by the downstream bulk of the sonic support structures
and commensurately accelerated at the location of the pitot tube to the
side of the sonic. The consistency among the sonics is gratifying.
6/2/00
Markus Pahlow sent data from their wind tunnel test of the Johns
Hopkins sonics. I calculated the regressions as above and found
JHU 0325: sonic speed = -0.076 m/s + 0.987*pitot speed
JHU 0326: sonic speed = 0.082 m/s + 0.985*pitot speed
Note that the JHU wind tunnel has a rectangular cross section of 3.25'
x 4.25' = 14 ft^2, versus 7 ft^2 for the NCAR wind tunnel. This could
be the reason for the gain being closer to unity in the JHU wind
tunnel.
7/6/00
I ran 5 new sonics through our wind tunnel, plus 3 of the PSU sonics
for a cross-reference to the 5/23 results. After the tests, I noted
that the pitot tube was now at distance of ~12.75" from the wall. This
is possibly the reason for the difference in the gains from the 5/23
tests. Note below the smaller gain for the JHU sonic in the NCAR wind
tunnel and the virtually identical offset to the JHU wind tunnel data.
PSU 0367b: sonic speed = -0.012 m/s + 0.959 pitot speed
PSU 0375b: sonic speed = -0.001 m/s + 0.965 pitot speed
PSU 0378b: sonic speed = -0.010 m/s + 0.956 pitot speed
JHU 0325: sonic speed = -0.101 m/s + 0.959 pitot speed
UIA 0203: sonic speed = 0.014 m/s + 0.961 pitot speed
UIA 0250: sonic speed = -0.047 m/s + 0.963 pitot speed
UIA 0290: sonic speed = -0.008 m/s + 0.959 pitot speed
OCS 0333: sonic speed = 0.027 m/s + 0.960 pitot speed
The average gain is 0.960 +/- 0.003
7/17/00
I ran the two U of Minnesota sonics through our wind tunnel, plus a one
UIA and two PSU sonics. The first run (UMN0422B) had the pitot tube at
11" from the wall. The last run (UMN0422D) had the pitot tube at
12.75" from the wall. The remainder had the pitot tube at 12" from the
wall, duplicating the 5/23 runs. These runs do not support the
hypothesis that the placement of the pitot tube can explain the
difference in gain between 5/23, 7/6 and the current data. The gain
appears to be decreasing with time??
UMN 0422b: sonic speed = -0.041 m/s + 0.950 pitot speed
UMN 0422: sonic speed = -0.025 m/s + 0.949 pitot speed
UMN 0422c: sonic speed = -0.030 m/s + 0.952 pitot speed
UMN 0422d: sonic speed = -0.011 m/s + 0.947 pitot speed
UMN 0423: sonic speed = -0.049 m/s + 0.952 pitot speed
UMN 0423b: sonic speed = -0.030 m/s + 0.949 pitot speed
UIA 0203b: sonic speed = 0.018 m/s + 0.952 pitot speed
PSU 0367c: sonic speed = -0.006 m/s + 0.951 pitot speed
PSU 0375c: sonic speed = 0.015 m/s + 0.954 pitot speed
The average gain is 0.951 +/- 0.002
I realized that my initial fits to all of these data included a point
without the fan running in the wind tunnel. In that case the pitot
tube wind speed is set to zero, since the pitot tube is not accurate at
low wind speeds. However, there is no guarantee that the flow in the
tunnel is absolutely zero at that time. Thus I redid all of the fits
without that data point. The result was to reduce the fitted offset in
almost all cases and to decrease the range of the gain values for each
set of runs.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
10/27/00
Note that the JHU sonics 325 and 326 were both recalibrated at no
cost because the foam packing in the case was misaligned, possibly
deforming the sonic head when in the case.
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Test run on August 11:
JHU 0325b: sonic speed = 0.003 m/s + 0.949 pitot speed
JHU 0326: sonic speed = -0.057 m/s + 0.952 pitot speed
UIA 0203c: sonic speed = 0.008 m/s + 0.957 pitot speed
PSU 0367d: sonic speed = -0.023 m/s + 0.958 pitot speed
PSU 0375d: sonic speed = 0.011 m/s + 0.957 pitot speed
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Test run on August 14:
JHU 0325c: sonic speed = 0.012 m/s + 0.956 pitot speed
JHU 0326b: sonic speed = -0.020 m/s + 0.952 pitot speed
UIA 0203d: sonic speed = 0.034 m/s + 0.958 pitot speed
UIA 0251: sonic speed = -0.078 m/s + 0.964 pitot speed
PSU 0367e: sonic speed = -0.013 m/s + 0.961 pitot speed
PSU 0375e: sonic speed = -0.002 m/s + 0.967 pitot speed
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Test run on August 15:
JHU 0326d: sonic speed = -0.009 m/s + 0.953 pitot speed
UIA 0251b: sonic speed = -0.092 m/s + 0.969 pitot speed
UIA 0251c: sonic speed = -0.085 m/s + 0.968 pitot speed
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
10/27/00
Sonic UIA 0251 was recalibrated on 8/24/00
- 9: Sonics, Site , Wed 24-May-2000 11:53:47 MDT, Wind tunnel tests of CSAT sonics
5/23/00
I ran the seven PSU CSAT sonics in the NCAR wind tunnel. The test
section of this wind tunnel has a circular cross section with a
diameter of 35".
The sonic was mounted approximately in the center of the test section
using a vertical post which supported the sonic about 14" above the
bottom of the test section. The pitot tube used as a speed rererence
is mounted adjacent to the sonic about 12" from the side wall of the
test section.
For each sonic, data were collected at 9 speeds from 0 to a little more
than 15 m/s. At each speed, 60 data samples were collected from both
the sonic and the pitot tube. The average and standard deviations of
each 60-sample period were calculated with the following regressions
between the sonic speed, sqrt(u^2 + v^2 + w^2), and the pitot tube
speed.
PSU 0367: sonic speed = 0.003 m/s + 0.969 pitot speed
PSU 0373: sonic speed = 0.030 m/s + 0.968 pitot speed
PSU 0374: sonic speed = 0.018 m/s + 0.968 pitot speed
PSU 0375: sonic speed = 0.018 m/s + 0.972 pitot speed
PSU 0376: sonic speed = 0.030 m/s + 0.966 pitot speed
PSU 0378: sonic speed = 0.030 m/s + 0.963 pitot speed
PSU 0379: sonic speed = 0.010 m/s + 0.966 pitot speed
It is easy to conjecture that the flow is retarded at the sonic
transducer array by the downstream bulk of the sonic support structures
and commensurately accelerated at the location of the pitot tube to the
side of the sonic. The consistency among the sonics is gratifying.
6/2/00
Markus Pahlow sent data from their wind tunnel test of the Johns
Hopkins sonics. I calculated the regressions as above and found
JHU 0325: sonic speed = -0.076 m/s + 0.987*pitot speed
JHU 0326: sonic speed = 0.082 m/s + 0.985*pitot speed
Note that the JHU wind tunnel has a rectangular cross section of
3.25' x 4.25' = 14 ft^2, versus 7 ft^2 for the NCAR wind tunnel.
This could be the reason for the gain being closer to unity in the
JHU wind tunnel.
7/6/00
I ran 5 new sonics through our wind tunnel, plus 3 of the PSU sonics
for a cross-reference to the 5/23 results. After the tests, I noted
that the pitot tube was now at distance of ~12.75" from the wall.
This is likely the reason for the difference in the gains from the
5/23 tests. Note below the smaller gain for the JHU sonic in the
NCAR wind tunnel and the virtually identical offset to the JHU wind
tunnel data.
PSU 0367: sonic speed = 0.020 m/s + 0.957 pitot speed
PSU 0375: sonic speed = 0.016 m/s + 0.964 pitot speed
PSU 0378: sonic speed = 0.037 m/s + 0.953 pitot speed
JHU 0325: sonic speed = -0.078 m/s + 0.957 pitot speed
UIA 0203: sonic speed = 0.033 m/s + 0.960 pitot speed
UIA 0250: sonic speed = -0.032 m/s + 0.961 pitot speed
UIA 0290: sonic speed = 0.012 m/s + 0.958 pitot speed
OCS 0333: sonic speed = 0.039 m/s + 0.959 pitot speed