Ice Formation in Lake-Effect Clouds |
David C. Rogers |
The CFD instrument was used on the NCAR Lockheed Electra research aircraft during December 1997 and January 1998 as part of a group of observational studies of Lake-Effect clouds and heavy snow bands. Publications are being prepared describing the science and field work for Lake-ICE and SnowBand. Sections from the draft version of the January 13 case microphysics and ice nuclei measurements are available for review here.
Examples of NCAR Electra measurements from the January 13, 1998 flight show a number of interesting features, including ice nuclei measurements, formation of snow clouds across Lake Michigan, removal of CN aerosols, and growth of the boundary layer cloud.
Figure 6a 14:09 - 14:25 UTC Upwind pass (82k gif).
Figure 6b (same time period) ditto, with new variables plotted (103k gif).
Figure 8 14:09 - 14:25 UTC Upwind pass (30k gif).
Air Parcel History (same time period) Microphysics and ice nuclei plotted versus air parcel age (15k gif).
14:00 - 15:00 UTC Electra data upwind/downwind cycles. CN removal, boundary layer gets warmer and wetter downwind (97k gif).
15:00 - 16:00 UTC Steady conditions. The next hour showed the same patterns (100k gif).
Univ Wisconsin Lidar observations and LES modeling by other Lake-ICE participants are available.
