FOOTPRINT92: Site none Messages, 168 Entries..

Moninger at 497-6435, Andrea Ignatowski at 497-5200, or Rich Fozzard at 
497-6011. 
 

SF6  Analysers 
 
The four (4) fast SF6 analysers each have two (2) outputs. 
 
There is a data output corresponding to the analog signal 
of the SF6 detection system and there is a mode output which 
indicates the operational mode of the analyser. There are three (3) 
different modes in which the system can be  operated. 
There is the sample mode where the analyser is allowed to sample 
the atmosphere, there is the zero mode where the analyser is made to  
sample zero air containing no SF6, and there is the span mode 
where the analyser is made to sample calibration gas containing 
a fixed amount of SF6. 
 
The data output of -5 to +5 vdc is to be recorded at 20 hz. 
The calibration factor is given in the form: 
	       [SF6] = c = a(delta v)**b 
            where delta v = signal voltage - baseline voltage  
                          =     v - v(o)   
  where signal voltage correspond to the atmospheric sample. 
  where baseline voltage corresponds to zero gas signal. 
      The default value of a may be taken as 1 pptv.(mv)**-1 
      The default value of b may be taken as 1   
      The calibration is then approximately linear 
		   1mv = 1pptv 
 
The value of v(o) is to be determined every 30 minutes and applied for the 
following 30 minute period. 
The values of a and b will be given by Brian and their constancy checked 
every 30 minutes by keeping track of the output during the span period. 
 
The mode output of -5 to +5 vdc is to be recorded at 1 hz. 
Three voltage levels (possibly -3, 0, +3 vdc) will be set by Brian. 
 
 
NOTE ADDED 23 April 92: 
Jim Rydock FAX'd to say that: 
the delay time for the SF6 sensors is approximately 2.6 seconds 
the response time for the SF6 sensors is approximately  0.4 seconds. 
 
 

Telephone numbers of FOOTPRINT people: 
 
Tony Delany;        tel:    303-497-8776 
                    FAX:    303-497-8770 
 
Brian Lamb:         tel:    509-335-5702 
		    FAX:    509-335-7632 
 
Hal Westberg:       tel:    509-335-1529 
		    FAX:    509-335-7632 
 
Jim Rydock:         tel:    509-335-7246 
		    FAX:    509-335-7632 
 
Monique LeClerk:    tel:    514-987-4196 
		    FAX:    514-987-3115 (be sure to address to Physics Dept) 
 
Jerry Allwine:      tel:    509-376-8145 
		    FAX:    509-376-5217 
 
Owen Abbey:         tel:    509- 
		    FAX:    509- 
 
Bruce Lighthart:    tel:    503-754-4879 
		    FAX:    503-754-4711  
 
Brenda Schaeffer:   tel:    503-754- 
		    FAX:    503-754-4711  
 
Dorathea Pruitt:    tel:    509-946-4195    
		    FAX:    509- 
 
 

Recalibration of T U of W sonic 
 
The T U of W sonic took a dive when it was being installed on the 100m station 
tower. It was taken into the apartment and straightened and then later 
micrometered. The following are the measurements. 
 
            PATH                     SEPARATION 
                               inches        centimeters 
                                 1       :       2.54 
            (Measured with special pointy metal inserts) 
      Yellow  -  Blue          7.8665          19.9809 
      Yellow  -  White         3.1660           8.0416 
      Yellow  -  Green         3.1265           7.9413 
      Yellow  -  Gray          7.1870          18.2550 
      Yellow  -  Orange        7.0890          18.0061 
      White   -  Grey          7.7905          19.7993 
      White   -  Green         3.1445           7.9870  
      White   -  Blue          7.1340          18.1204 
      White   -  Orange        7.0580          17.9273 
      Green   -  Orange        7.7180          19.6037 
      Green   -  Grey          7.1120          18.0645 
      Green   -  Blue          7.0620          19.9375 
      Blue    -  Grey          3.1350	        7.9629 
      Blue    -  Orange        3.2745           8.3172 
      Grey    -  Orange        3.1975           8.1216 
 
            (Measured with transducers reinserted)  
      Yellow  -  Blue          7.869           19.9873 
      White   -  Grey          7.818           19.8577 
      Green   -  Orange        7.729           19.6317 
 
 
These numbers were entered into the sonic geometry routine provided by Steve 
Oncley, and the following numbers entered into the calibration routine: 
 
 60.1124, 57.0984, 62.3198, 57.7271, 62.7474  
 
 
Steve Oncley provided the following angles from the dimensions we gave him 
over the phone: 
  60.1, 57.1, 62.3, 57.7, 62.7 
 

Radiation and soil sensor cabling configuration. 
  
 The tall darkhorse was setup at the 250m station with the radiation 
 sensors. The soil heat and temperature sensors were installed nearbye. 
 Four analog mux cables, A, B, C, and D from the darkhorse break-out-box 
 and two analog mux cables, E and F, from another analog break-out-box 
 ran to cosmos. 
 
 The cabling from the break-out-boxes was as follows. 
 
 Left hand side of darkhorse break-out-box: 
 
 A    psp.out            psp.in               pyg.out             pyg.in    
	3                  2                    1                   0 
      cosmos:111         cosmos:110           cosmos:109          cosmos:108 
 
 B    pyg.in.dome        pyg.in.case          pyg.out.dome        pyg.in.case 
        4                  5                    6                   7 
      cosmos:112         cosmos:113           cosmos:114          cosmos:115 
 
 Right hand side of darkhorse break-out-box: 
 
 C    net.rad            T.surf               G1.bsh.8cm          G2.grs.8cm 
	0                  1                    2                   3 
      cosmos:116         cosmos:117           cosmos:118          cosmos:119 
 
 D    G3.snd.8cm           -                    -                   - 
	4                  5                    6                   7 
      cosmos:120 
 
 Stake mounted analog break-out-box: 
 
 E    Tsoil.bsh         index.Tsoil.bsh      Tsoil.grs           index.Tsoil.snd 
	0                  1                    2                   3 
      cosmos:124        cosmos:125           cosmos:126          cosmos:127 
 
 F    Tsoil.snd         index.Tsoil.snd         -                   - 
	4                  5                    6                   7 
      cosmos:128        cosmos:129 
 
 
The coupling into cosmos was as follows. 
 
 cosmos analog 0 =  t.250.10m1 + q_kh2o_2a + conc.sf6.250.10m + mode.sf6.250.10m 
 cosmos analog 1 =  bugflux data (query there are 5 bugflux channels) 
 cosmos analog 2 =  A 
 cosmos analog 3 =  B 
 cosmos analog 4 =  C 
 cosmos analog 5 =  D 
 cosmos analog 6 =  E 
 cosmos analog 7 =  F 
 

ARCHIVERS & COVARS STARTED: 
 
	The archiving and covaring of data was 
started a few minutes ago. 
 
The system has been running for the last 2 hours. 
Since it may stay up and Brian's people are running 
tests on the samplers, decided to archive. 
 

GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
Number: 7             Written 06-JUN-92 by ACD                   
Type: RAD                     Project: FOOTPRINT92          
Title: GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
--------------------------------------- 
Samples taken in the vicinity of the darkhorst. 
Samples taken in triplicate 
Samples weighed within an hour of collection to give WET WEIGHT 
Samples then dried in the oven at 110 deg C for 24 hours to give DRY WEIGHT 
Soil samples were weighed with taring of an empty Al dish. 
 
DATE TAKEN	WET WEIGHT	DRY WEIGHT   DIFFERENCE    GRAVMOISTURE 
 
 (JULIAN)	 (GRAMS)	 (GRAMS)      (GRAMS)        (PERCENT) 
_______________________________________________________________________________ 
 5 Jun 92 
  Friday 
   157 
             A   25.59          25.48         0.11           0.43 
     SAND    B   33.17          33.02         0.15           0.45   = 0.43% 
	     C   35.11          34.97         0.14           0.40 
 
             A   23.76          23.69         0.07           0.30 
     GRASS   B   23.75          23.67         0.08           0.34   = 0.30% 
	     C   19.58          19.53         0.05           0.26 
 
             A   22.59          22.46         0.13           0.58 
     BUSH    B   21.72          21.60         0.12           0.56   = 0.57%  
	     C   29.33          29.16         0.17           0.58 
 
 
 11 JUN92 
 THURSDAY 
 
 
             A 
     SAND    B 
	     C 
 
             A   
     GRASS   B    
	     C    
 
             A   
     BUSH    B   
	     C     
 
 
 

SYSTEM CRASH! 
 
	ingest stopped due to typo error 
on keyboard. System was down for about 
15 minutes. 
 

SONIC SPIKING: 
 
	The 5m ati, 250m, is spiking on 
the v component while the uw sonic at daisy, 
100m, is spiking. Hope to tune them later today. 
 

FAST T at MARIGOLD DOWN: 
 
	Allen is working on the fast T sensor 
at marigold. The electronics box is not working 
correctly. 
 

T.soil.snd is broken: 
 
	the T.soil.sand goes on and off 
throughout the day. It may be a temperature 
problem. 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	System is running. All adams running. 
The uw sonic and the old ati sonic have a few  
spikes through the night. 
 

Brief rundown of the FOOTPRINT setup. 
 
May 19 Tue: Tony arrived, set up car and truck and apartment 
 
May 20 Wed: Security for Tony, Brian, and WSU students. At met area agreed on 
	    layout of array, did initial surveying 
 
May 21 Thu: Gordon arrived, security for Gordon, Kirt and Alan. 
 
May 22 Fri: ASTER trailer and Uhaul convoyed to site, established base, 
	    obtained first generator, started portaging equipment to stations. 
 
May 23 Sat: Assembling the system 
 
May 24 Sun: Assembling the system 
 
May 25 Mon: Assembling the system 
 
May 26 Tue:  
                                                            Steve arrived 
 
May 27 Wed: Kurt left 
 
May 28 Thu: 
 
May 29 Fri: Gordon left 
 
May 30 Sat: 
 
May 31 Sun: 
 
Jun 1  Mon: 
 
Jun 2  Tue: 
 
Jun 3  Wed: Monique arrived, Bruce and Barbara arrived, bugflux tower setup 
 
Jun 4  Thu: 
 
second generator arrived 
maintainance schedule for generators arranged 
delay tests for SF6 sensors 
new storage batteries fo UPS 
removed UPS from power system 
reinstalled UPS as power conditioner for ASTER 
shut down AC in computor trailer, minimised power draw on first generator 
first long (6hr?) period without lockup 
increased ODS optical power ot all ADAMS 
system first ran overnight 
started covars, 
first release line SF6 emission SF6 detected at 50m, 100m and 175m stations, 
 
 
 
 
 
 

PRESSURE SENSOR MOVED: 
 
	Due to software conditions the pressure 
sensor was moved back to the 250m tower, cosmos. 
The conditional sampler system will be setup at 
the 50m tower, ragwort. 
 

CRASH! 
 
	3 adams shut down analog data collection. 
I was able to get 2 backup from terminal, daisy and 
marigold. Ragwort required a manual reset. 
The crash occurred about 5 minutes ago, 22:05 gmt. 
  
 

ANGLES FOR SENSORS AND ARRAY 
 
	PROP VANES 
	 
	10M prop	294.51 
	7.5M prop	294.51 
	5M prop		294.51 
	3M prop		294.51 
	1.5M prop	? 
 
	SONIC 
 
	U		295.50 
	V		 25.39 
 
the sagebrush was too high to get the 
1.5m prop. We will use 294.51. 
 
New angles were shot for the array on 6/6 
 
	PROP VANES 
 
	10M		294 15 
	7.5M		294 15 
	5M		294 15 
	3M		294 15 
	1.5M		294 15 
 
	50M SONIC 
 
	U		295 24 
	V		205 41 
	W		295 24 
 
	100M SONIC 
 
	BLUE YELLOW	294 31 
	GREY WHITE	357 25 
	ORANGE GREEN	228 52 
 
	175M SONIC 
 
	BLUE YELLOW	292 52 
	GREY WHITE	353 29 
	ORANGE GREEN	235 09 
 
	250M SONIC 
 
	U		196 10 
	V		206 34 
	W		196 10 
 
	THE ARRAY 	294 37 
 
	RELEASE LINE	209 59 
 

Analyzer D had a rip in the pump tubing; probably for the 
 last several days.  It was replaced between 
 1522 and 1529 during Test 2.  
  
 

Burying the Sand T multi-plexer in the sand 
The index of Tsoil.snd suffered from malfunction leading 
to overlong timing intervals. 
To alleviate the temperature effect at 12:30 today the multiplexer was buried at 20 cm depth 
 
 

100m UW SONIC WORK: 
 
	Checked out signals on the uw 
sonic at daisy. Signals looked good. 
The b channel bottom(?) has a flaky polarity 
wire. So be careful if you play with it. 
Will monitor sensor. 
 

OPS TODAY: 
 
	Brain started operations today at about 5:00 
local time. The run lasted till 10:00. 
ASTER ran without any problems. 
 

ATI at 250m: 
 
	Work is being down at the 250m tower 
to install the conditional sampler. This means 
that the ati sonic will be going up and down. 
 

ASTER DOWN FOR GENERATOR: 
 
	ASTER going down for generator maintenance. 
 

ASTER BACK UP: 
 
	ASTER is back on line. The transmit 
signals from the ODS bridge were set to high for 
channels 3 thru 6; ragwort, cosmos, daisy, and  
marigold. 
During bootup a power surge shut aster down. This 
may have been due to the air conditioner in Brain's 
trailer. It has been disconnected. 
Since we have moved the barometer to cosmos, removed 
the 5m sonic at cosmos, removed twet data from the archive 
set, and added the conditional sampler; the decision was made 
to go to ops2. 
 

175m FAST T DOWN: 
 
	The fast T at 175m is down. Since 
replacing the element, the sensor has been 
questionable since it was fixed. Allen is 
presently working on the sensor. 
 

CORRECTED WIND DIRECTION: 
 
	The wind sensors now have the correct wind 
direction information. Up until now, they were align 
with the towers, ie, 0 degrees represented the wind 
coming directly from the release line. 
 

Conditional Sampler installed on 250m flux tower 
 
All cabling and tubing attached and equipment installed this  
afternoon between 15:00 and 19:30. 
Power not yet applied to 12vdc plug, ? power on serial cable? 
 Tomorrow will do time delay testing using Brians fast SF6 
 Steve O says in SJVAQS used  threshhold = 15 cm s-1 in daytime 
                                            5 cm s-1 at nighttime. 
  Tom's dictum threshhold = 0.6 sigma w  
  Maybe 0.5 (sqrt ww) = 0.5 (sqrt sigma w) 
 

NEW ANGLES FOR T uw SONIC: 
 
	The new angles for the T uw sonic 
have been entered in the calibration routine 
sonic_uw_4b.c. The new values are: 
   60.1, 57.1, 62.3, 57.7, 62.7 
 

SF6 CALIBRATION  ROUTINE: 
 
	The calibration routine for the sf6 
sensor was tested earlier today. Everything 
worked. Tomorrow Brian will provide real calibration 
coefficients. For now, the calibration coefficients 
being used are -3000 mv offset, a= 1.0, and b = 1.0. 
 

FAST T at 100M TOWER WORKING? 
 
	Allen found the analog channel for 
the fast T was bad. This sensor has been switched 
to channel 101 on marigold. At the time of typing 
this comment, it appears to have a sign error. 
This will be checked tomorrow. 
 

UPDATE TO FAST T @ 175m: 
 
	The problem with the fast T at marigold 
was due to somebody soldering the jumper #4 closed 
on channel 0. This caused a .5 gain factor. 
When Allen tryed the fast T on channel 1 the same 
jumper had been solder closed; however, jumper #5 
was installed giving an additional gain of 2 with 
a -5 volt offset. This resulted in a voltage looking 
correct with a sign change. 
The board was fixed and the fast T was moved back to 
channel 0. The data collected since the being of ops2 
should be ignored upto this time, 3:30Z. 
 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	System running, all adams responding. 
there were a few spikes on marigold sonic last night. 
Daisy had its usual spikes on the uw. 
Cosmos and ragwort look good. 
 

LEVEL SENSORS ON ATI UNITS: 
 
	There has been no attempt at 
understanding the output from the ATI 
sonics. Maybe in the next day or two we 
will get around to it. 
 

FAST T CALS: 
 
	Below are the results of checks on 
the fast T settings. The original data set collected 
is in directory /home/aster/projects/FOOTPRINT92/fast_cals. 
 
site		abs error	span 
 
50m		.03		5.024 +- .01 
 
100m		.27		5.217 +- .01 
 
175m		-.61		5.253 +- .01 
 
250m		-.33		5.068 +- .03 
 
 

MORNING WORK: 
 
	A fair part of the morning was spent getting 
calibration numbers for the sonics and fast T. Therefore 
the data should be looked at with caution. Results of 
tests are in appropriate catagories. 
 

FLOW TESTS: 
 
	A flow test was 
 

Flow time delay testing for conditional sampler. 
Saturday morning the conditional sampler was powered up and  
"rserial" adressed vi the Toshiba as cosmos 201. 
The system checked out and was tested for time delay 
using the fast SF6 sensor. 
 
The 1/8 inch swage was disconnected from the bulkhead on 
the inside of the case for the A or down or v3. 
The 1/8 inch line could be T'ed into the inlet of the analyser. 
The SF6 fast calibration solenoid could be T'ed into the intake. 
The SF6  mode indicator was modified to be a fast channel 
 
Five runs were made with the SF6 directly into the analyser 
and five runs with the SF6 flowing first through the 
conditional sampler. 
The difference between the time delays was derived  to give 
the conditional sampler delay.   
 
Time for flow through SF6 analyser 
                        10.74 
			10.75 
			10.77 
			10.74 
			10.77 
			------- 
			10.75 +_ 0.014 
 
Time for flow through coditional sampler and SF6 analyser  
                        10.98 
			11.06 
			10.96 
			11.09 
			10.98 
			----- 
			11.01 +_ 0.057 
 
Conditional sampler delay = 0.26 +_ 0.06 
              use the value 0.3 seconds 
The 1/4 inch teflon lines labels were checked by disconnecting 
from the CSBox blowing into them and emersion of the other ends 
in a water glass. 
 
 
             Conditional Sampler Box 
	      C         B        A 
	      up                down                  intake 
	      |         |        | 
	      |         |        | 
	      |         |        | 
	      |         |        | 
	      C         B        A 
           Tubeend   Tubeend  Tubeend 
 

SF6 @ COSMOS: 
 
	I'm playing with the sf6 at cosmos 
to checkout the calibration program. 
 

Cloud of dust. 
At approximately 17:00 pdt a large dust clouid  
swept across the site from the direction of the 
200E area 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	System up and running, 4 adams responding. 
Sensor conditions: pressure down, spiking on 100m 
uw sonic, other sensors look good. 
 

DATEL PROBLEMS: 
 
	Using data_stats it was discovered that 
the data rate from the analog channels is not consistent. 
Adams like daisy, with 4 analog channels on, are giving 
20hz data at 60hz and 1hz data at 3hz. 
We will try the old datel software. Look for future 
reports on results! 
 

Bioflux sample times/comments 
 
Julian day 155 - 156 set-up Bioflux tower 21:30-03:30 (GMT) 
 
DATE TAKEN  KEY  START TIME  END TIME   COMMENTS 
 (JULIAN)          (GMT)      (GMT) 
 
   156      A    22:14:00    23:14:00   slit samplers inside position 
					22:14-22:19 activity W of tower 
					22:30 deisel truck N of tower 
 
   156-157  B    23:35:00    00:35:00   andersen samplers inside position 
 
   157      C    20:20:00    21:20:00   20:38 dust devil S of tower 
					20:50-21:05 activity W of tower 
 
 
   157      D    21:30:00    22:30:00   22:20-22:30 activity S of tower 
 
   157      E    22:41:00    23:41:00   (L)Andersen sampler disconnected  
					23:30-23:35 activity S of tower 
    
   157-158  F    23:50:00    00:50:00   activity S of tower throughout sample 
 
   158      G    00:58:00    01:58:00   re-adjust (L)Andersen sampler to 28LPM 
					activity S & W throughout sample  
					01:35 two vehicles on road E of tower 
 
   158      H    02:05:00    03:05:00   02:56 vehicle on road E of tower 
     
   158      I    20:42:00    21:42:00   20:50 distant dust clouds E of tower & 
					activity S of tower 
 
   158      J    21:52:00    22:52:00    
 
   158-159  K    23:01:00    00:01:00   23:54 dust cloud approaching from E due 
					to construction, diluted out as  
					approached samplers 
 
   158      L    00:10:00    01:10:00   
 
   158      M    01:19:00    02:19:00   01:50 truck on road E of tower 
 
   158      N    02:27:00    03:27:00 
 
   159      O    12:16:00    13:16:00 
 
   159      P    13:22:00    14:22:00 
 
   159      Q    14:29:00    15:29:00   activity W & S of tower towards end of 
					sample 
 
   159      R    15:36:00    16:36:00    
 
   159      S    18:29:00    19:29:00   ~19:00 activity S & W of tower 
 
   159      T    19:36:00    20:36:00   activity S & W of tower throughout samp. 
 
   160      U    01:11:00    02:11:00   "The Bushwacker" - hit sage bushes from 
					01:12:00 - 01:22:00 area W of tower 
					~20 X 250 m (to release line) 
 
   160      V    13:13:00    14:13:00 
 
   160      W    14:20:00    15:20:00   15:10 - 15:26 diesel truck N of tower 
 
   160      X    15:26:00    16:26:00    
 
   160      Y    16:32:00    17:32:00   activity S & W of tower until end of day 
 
   160      Z    17:38:00    18:38:00 
 
   160     AA    19:12:00    19:12:10   control sample - routine procedure, 
					turned samplers on in series then off 
					in series 
 
   160     BB    19:20:00    20:20:00    
 
   Disassembled sampler-pulley system and datalogger for adjustments to two   
   sampler levels, equal vacuum tubing lengths, and for attachment of critical 
   orifices to all sampler units.  Will return June 23. 
 
   Return to Richland unload and set-up sampler holder June 23  
   (JD 176 GMT 02:00-05:00)  Now using two sampler heights, 2.5 meters and 
   8 meters.  All flowmeters recalibrated and samplers are being rotated 
   into different positions to eliminate a "sampler/position effect".  
   All tubing equal length to eliminate "height/flow effect".  
 
DATE TAKEN KEY    START TIME  STOP TIME  COMMENTS 
 (JULIAN)           (GMT)       (GMT) 
 
   176      a     14:24:00    14:24:10   control sample  
					 1 on site 
 
   176      b     14:36:30    15:36:30 
 
   176      c     15:47:00    16:47:00   4 on site 
					 end sample 6 on site 
 
   176      d     16:57:00    17:57:00   diesel truck 
 
   176      e     18:05:00    18:05:10   control 
		  18:05:50    18:06:00   repeat control foil on lower samplers 
 
 
   177      -    (02:00:00 set up sonic anemometer at 5 meter height) 
 
   177      f     14:05:00    14:05:10   control 
 
   177      g     14:15:00    15:15:00   no others on site 
 
   177      h     15:23:00    16:23:00    
 
   177      i     16:30:00    17:30:00 
 
   177      j     17:38:00    17:38:10   control 
 
   178      k     01:39:30    01:39:40   control 
					 4 on site 
 
   178      l     01:47:00    02:47:00 
 
   178      m     02:55:00    03:55:00 
 
   178      n     04:06:00    05:06:00    
 
   178      o     20:05:30    20:05:40   control 
					 2 on site 
 
   178      p     20:59:00    21:59:00   3 on site 
 
   178      q     22:07:00    23:07:00 
 
   178-179  r     23:15:00    00:15:00 
 
   179      s     00:23:00    01:23:00   end of run break to test anemometer 
					 change program to one table 
 
   179      t     03:18:00    04:18:00   4 on site 
 
   179      u     04:25:00    04:25:10   control 
 
   179      v     13:05:00    14:05:00   run with all andersen samplers 
 
   179      w     14:25:00    15:25:00   run with all slit samplers 
 
   179      x     15:33:00    16:33:00   run with all andersen samplers 
 
   179      y     16:42:00    17:42:00   run with all slit samplers 
 
   180  (01:00 GMT) begin shut down process - disconnect sonic, tip down 
	tower. 
 
   180  (13:00 GMT) complete dismantle of tower 
 
   181  (01:00 GMT) load truck 
 
   Hard and disk copies of data will be sent in care of Tony Delany  
   upon completion.   
    
   You may reach us at the following: 
	Bruce Lighthart (503)754-5879  &  Brenda Shaffer (503)754-4562 
	US EPA                            ManTech Environmental Tech.Inc. 
	Environmental Research Lab        <--same address 
	200 S.W. 35th Street               
	Corvallis, OR 97333 
 
   Thanks !! 
 

ADAMS UP WITH OLD DATEL: 
 
	The adams have been turned off since 
15:30z (cosmos up till 16:30z). This was done to 
reconfigure the analog cables for the old datel code. 
The configuration files stayed the same so we will 
not go to a new ops. The adams were brought backup 
in the new configuration at 18:30z. At this time the 
covars and archivers were restarted. 
Data rates on analog channels look good. 
 

DATA RATE on SF6_MODE: 
 
	The data rate on the sf6_mode signal was 
increase to 20hz to allow for delay tests. If you look 
under SF6 catagory there is more information on the 
procedure to do delay tests. 
This change took place about 18:50z. 
 

SF6 DELAY TESTS: 
 
	Below is an outline of the procedure 
to do delay tests for the sf6. To make the job 
easier the data rate of the sf6_mode was set to 
20hz. 
 
	In directory /home/aster/raw_data/flow is 
a special archive script which will collect data from 
the sf6 signals. This archiver should be run only 
during the test. If you don't kill it you will be wasting 
disk space. 
 
	After data has been collected and the archiver 
has been shut down, you can run the script "flow.plot". 
This plot will process the data and create an xgraph of 
the data. At that point you can interactively expand the 
scale and determine the time delay. 
 

RADIATION TESTING: 
 
	Tests took place between 20:00 and 
20:30z on the radiation channels. Therefore 
these data are questionable. 
 
 

SF6 COVAR STARTED: 
 
	The sf6 covar routine was started 
about 5 minutes ago. 
 

FIX TO RADIATION: 
 
	The gain settings on the 
psp.in, psp.out, pyg.in, pyg.out 
were set to 100 not 200. This has 
been corrected as of 5 minutes ago. 
This should be noted for post analysis 
work. 
 

SF6 1hz COVAR STOPPED: 
 
	The 1hz covars for sf6 were killed 
at 21:55Z. 
 

COSMOS UP AND DOWN: 
 
	Cosmos has been up and down over 
the last 15 minutes to work on the conditional 
sampler and the sf6_mode signal. This work 
started at about 23:35z. 
 

SF6 MODE @ 250M BAD: 
 
	Since the change over to the old 
datel code the mode signal for sf6 at 250m 
has not worked right. The problem is in the 
amplifier/filter board. Replacement of the 
zero switching chip and the first stage amplifier 
did not help. The board will be replaced. 
 

CALIBRATION FACTORS FOR RADIATION AND SOIL SENSORS 
--------------------------------------- 
 
 
NOTE this was copied from the SJVAQS logbook and needs to be edited. 
When it is satisfactorily edited this comment will be erase. 
 
Calibration factors for radiation and soil sensors 
(The tables shows the calibration factors available from the calibration 
 data, and allows an intercomparison with the prep.config factors used) 
A copy of /home/aster/projects/FOOTPRINT92/ops1/prep.config will be compared 
with these calibration factors. There will then be an affirmation check. 
 
 
CHECKED DOWN TO HERE 
 
 CHANNEL    SENSOR        S/N        CAL            calibration factors 
 
cosmos:100 pyg.in.rad   27907F3  3.44 uv/W m-2     linear cal  #######, ### 
                                                   gain =  ?       
 
                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                (prep.config:  Checked   ?   ) 
 
cosmos:101 pyg.out.rad  26416F3  3.59 uv/W m-2     linear cal   ######, ### 
                                                   gain =  ? 
 
                   Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                 (prep.config:  Checked   ?  ) 
 
cosmos:102 psp.in.rad   26214F3  8.70 uv/W m-2     linear cal    #####, ### 
                                                   gain =  ? 
                                Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 103      psp.out.rad  26226F3  8.85 uv/W m-2     linear cal   8.6210E-2, 0.0 
                                gain=200 
                                Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 108      r.net         90076   13.4 W m-2/mV     linear cal   2.0447E-2, 0.0 
                                gain=100 
                                Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:    2.0294E-2 , 0.0      ) 
 
 109      t.surface     1041    100degree C/V     linear cal   1.5259E-3, 25 
                                offset=-25degree  
                                gain=10 
                                Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 113      par.rad       Q9125    -143.47          linear cal   3.6246E-1, 0.0 
                                 umole/m-2 s/uA  
                                 gain=100 
                                 resistance=604ohm 
                                Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR       CAL                        prep.config factor used 
 
 104      pyg.in.dome  A0 = 3.5754E-3             c=thermistor  3.5754E-3     
                       A1 = 2.6846E-4                           2.6847E-4 
                       A2 = 6.1043E-6                           6.1043E-6 
                       A3 =-3.6998E-6                           3.6998E-6 
                   offset = 4.8 
                   Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
 105      pyg.in.case  A0 = 3.5764E-3             c=thermistor All OK 14nov91     
                       A1 = 2.6860E-4                                        
                       A2 = 6.3499E-6                                       
                       A3 =-3.6393E-6                                      
                   offset = 4.8 
                   Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
 106      pyg.out.dome A0 = 3.5829E-3             c=thermistor All OK 14nov91     
                       A1 = 2.8073E-4                                        
                       A2 = 1.7521E-5                                       
                       A3 =-9.3759E-7                                      
                   offset = 4.8 
                   Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
 107      pyg.out.case A0 = 3.5850E-3             c=thermistor All OK 14nov91   
                       A1 = 2.8512E-4                                       
                       A2 = 2.1575E-5                                       
                       A3 = 1.2726E-7                                      
                   offset = 4.8 
                   Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR                     CAL             cal factors 
 
 117     Tsoil.a.index            linear cal         1.5259E-4 ,0.0 
                                  offset =  
                                  gain= 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked       ) 
 
 118     Tsoil.b.index            linear cal         1.5259E-4 ,0.0 
                                  offset =  
                                  gain= 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked       ) 
 
 
 119     Tsoil.c.index            linear cal         1.5259E-4 ,0.0 
                                  offset =  
                                  gain= 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked       ) 
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR       CAL                        prep.config factor used 
 
 116      Tsoil.a       (mean)                    c=thermistor All OK 19 Nov91   
                          A0 = 3.5869E-3 
                          A1 = 2.6991E-4 
                          A2 = 9.3435E-6 
                          A3 =-3.5796E-6 
                          offset = 4.7 
 
          Tsoil.a.1cm   (0band)                  
                          A0 = 3.5920E-3 
                          A1 = 2.6757E-4  
                          A2 = 1.0719E-5 
                          A3 =-3.6759E-6 
                         offset = 4.7 
 
          Tsoil.a.3cm   (1band)                  
                          A0 = 3.5932E-3 
                          A1 = 2.6837E-4 
                          A2 = 1.0903E-5 
                          A3 =-3.6485E-6 
                          offset = 4.7 
 
          Tsoil.a.5cm   (2band)                 
                          A0 = 3.5931E-3 
                          A1 = 2.6774E-4 
                          A2 = 1.0867E-5 
                          A3 =-3.6422E-6 
                          offset = 4.7 
 
          Tsoil.a.7cm   (3band)                 
                          A0 = 3.5925E-3 
                          A1 = 2.6795E-4 
                          A2 = 1.1015E-5 
                          A3 =-3.6040E-6 
                          offset = 4.7 
                   Date of this calibration = 30 May 91 
 
 118      Tsoil.b       (mean)                    c=thermistor All OK 19 Nov91   
                          A0 = 3.5495E-3 
                          A1 = 2.8734E-4 
                          A2 = 4.3827E-6 
                          A3 = 6.5799E-7 
                          offset = 5.0 
 
          Tsoil.b.1cm   (0band)          
                          A0 = 3.5490E-3 
                          A1 = 2.8731E-4 
                          A2 = 4.2973E-6 
                          A3 = 6.3137E-7 
                         offset = 5.0 
 
          Tsoil.b.3cm   (1band)           
                          A0 = 3.5509E-3 
                          A1 = 2.8736E-4 
                          A2 = 4.3523E-6 
                          A3 = 6.6114E-6 
                          offset = 5.0 
 
          Tsoil.b.5cm   (2band)               
                          A0 = 3.5496E-3 
                          A1 = 2.8727E-4 
                          A2 = 4.2113E-6 
                          A3 = 5.9975E-7 
                          offset = 5.0 
 
          Tsoil.b.7cm   (3band)                 
                          A0 = 3.5487E-3 
                          A1 = 2.8718E-4 
                          A2 = 4.4353E-6 
                          A3 = 6.8631E-7 
                          offset = 5.0  
                   Date of this calibration = 30 May 91  
 
 120      Tsoil.c       (mean)                    c=thermistor All OK 19Nov91   
                          A0 = 3.5287E-3 
                          A1 = 2.9799E-4 
                          A2 = 3.7889E-7 
                          A3 = 4.7208E-6 
                         offset = 5.25 
 
          Tsoil.c.1cm   (0band)                  
                          A0 = 3.5267E-3  
                          A1 = 2.9787E-4 
                          A2 = 3.0097E-7 
                          A3 = 4.6895E-6 
                         offset = 5.25 
 
          Tsoil.c.3cm   (1band)                  
                          A0 = 3.5290E-3 
                          A1 = 2.9797E-4 
                          A2 = 3.0577E-7 
                          A3 = 4.6887E-6 
                          offset = 5.25 
 
          Tsoil.c.5cm   (2band)                  
                          A0 = 3.5297E-3  
                          A1 = 2.9813E-4 
                          A2 = 3.2779E-7 
                          A3 = 4.6919E-6 
                          offset = 5.25 
 
          Tsoil.c.7cm   (3band)                 
                          A0 = 3.5285E-3 
                          A1 = 2.9794E-4 
                          A2 = 4.7164E-7 
                          A3 = 4.7596E-6 
                          offset = 5.25 
                   Date of this calibration = 30 May 91 
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR    S/N           CAL             cal factors 
 
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR    S/N           CAL             cal factors 
 
 
 CHANNEL  SENSOR    S/N           CAL             cal factors 
 
 110      G1.8cm    blue#band     42.6 W m-2/mV   linear cal   3.2502E-2, 0.0 
                                  gain=200 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 111      G2.8cm    red#band      38.4 W m-2/mV   linear cal   2.9298E-2, 0.0 
                                  gain=200 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 112      G3.8cm    yellow#band   38.4 W m-2/mV   linear cal   2.9298E-2, 0.0 
                                  gain=200 
                                  Date of this calibration = ## ## ##  
 
                                (prep.config:  Checked 14 Nov 91      ) 
 
 
Note added 3 Mar 93 by ACD: 
	  The calibration values given here in the logbook for the soil 
	  heat flux plates are those derived from the Apr87 calibration. 
	  The Dec91 values are : 
 110      G1.8cm    blue#band   Serial number 87028  42.5 W m-2/mV    
 111      G2.8cm    red#band    Serial number 87034  38.0 W m-2/mV   
 112      G3.8cm    yellow#band Serial number 87036  38.2 W m-2/mV  
 
The correct values were used in the actual calculations during FOOTPRINT92. 
 
See also the additional logbook entry commenting on the correctiondue to  
the difference of thermal conductivity of the soil, the  heat flux plate, 
and the medium in which the heat flux plate was calibrated. 
 

SF6 MODE @ 250m FIXED: 
 
	The problem with the sf6 mode 
at the 250m site was a bad solder connection 
at the sf6 unit. Time of fix was 00:30Z. 
 

PRESSURE SENSOR BAD: 
 
	The pressure sensor has not been 
working too good. It has a tendency to go 
down everytime you do anything with cosmos. 
The sensor is down at this time. 
 

7 June conditional samples. 
 
Date: 7 June 92. 
 
Delay = 30, threshold = 5 cm s-1 
 
Syringe samples analysed the following day 
Calibration for the SF6 gc 950,000 counts = 312 pptv 
 
Start time Stop time  Consam outlet  Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown Counts  [SF6] 
 16:40      17:30     	A left         D  I    cs1       ~6 sec  181684   59.7 
                 	B center       D  II   cs2       ~6 sec  165647   54.4 
                	c right        D  III  cs3       ~6 sec  202547   66.5 
 
Start time Stop time  Consam outlet  Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown Counts  [SF6] 
 17:30      18:30       A left         B  I    cs4       ~4 sec  466329  153 
                	B center       B  II   cs5       ~4 sec  409573  135 
                	c right        B  III  cs6       ~4 sec  507517  167 
 
Start time Stop time  Consam outlet  Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown Counts  [SF6] 
 18:30      19:30       A left         D  1    cs7       ~5 sec  432584  142 
                	B center       D  II   cs8       ~5 sec  607286  199 
                	c right        D  III  cs9       ~5 sec  519747  171 
 
Start time Stop time  Consam outlet  Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown Counts  [SF6] 
 19:30      20:30       A left         B  I    cs10      ~3 sec  547942  180 
                	B center       B  II   cs11      ~4 sec  609760  200 
                	c right        B  III  cs12      ~3 sec  498822  164 
 
Start time Stop time  Consam outlet  Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown Counts  [SF6] 
 20:30      21:30       A left         D  I    cs13      ~  sec  671772  221 
                	B center       D  II   cs14      ~  sec  743783  244 
                	c right        D  III  cs15      ~  sec  738946  243 
 
Only very small volumes were collected in the bags. 
Center bag had to be repumped down before collecting samples. 
After syringe samples taken bags not pumped down. 
Pump left running overnight. 
 
 

BIO FLUX: 
 
	The bioflux data logger provides 
2 output signals. These have been setup for 
temperature measurements at 8m and 2m on 
channels 104 and 106, respectfully. 
Data are now coming in @ 03:00Z. 
 

COVARs CRASHING: 
 
	The covars are crashing! At this 
point I do not know why. It maybe because 
I was doing some other covars on raw data files. 
We will see what happens over night. 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	System ruuning, adams up. 
Covar for ragwort went down last night. 
Spiking on the uw sonic at daisy. 
Data from conditional sampler is not 
making any sense. 
 

UW SONIC @ DAISY: 
 
	For the last 1/2 hour I have been 
playing with the uw sonic at daisy, 100m. 
Some of the spiking during this time was 
generated by me. 
	The problem is with the receiver 
board for path c/top. There is not enough 
range in the gain and offset pots. I will 
try switching with another board. 
 

 
   June conditional samples. 
 
Date:   June 92. 
 
   Delay =       , threshold = 
                                                       GC cal 950000 =  312 ppbv 
 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
   :           :      A left         I    cs           l                    ppbv 
                      B center       II   cs           l                    ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs           l                    ppbv 
 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
   :           :      A left         I    cs           l                    ppbv 
                      B center       II   cs           l                    ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs           l                    ppbv 
 
 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
   :           :      A left         I    cs           l                    ppbv 
                      B center       II   cs           l                    ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs           l                    ppbv 
 
 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
   :           :      A left         I    cs           l                    ppbv 
                      B center       II   cs           l                    ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs           l                    ppbv 
 
 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
   :           :      A left         I    cs           l                    ppbv 
                      B center       II   cs           l                    ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs           l                    ppbv 
 
 

Conditional samples settings. 
 
According ti Steve O: 
 
The "sample" for delay corresponds to 0.1 seconds. Hence 
y1 generates a delay time of 0.1 seconds. As we determined 
that the appropriate flow delay was 0.26 seconds we should 
use a value of y3 = 0.3 seconds. 
 
The "sample" for valve cycling time is different. It corresponds 
to 0.001 seconds. Hence c1000 will activate each valve 
for 1 second and the entire sequence of the three valve sampling 
sequentially will take three seconds. 
 
Although in FOOTPRINT92 often  ww = 0.6(m.s-1)^2 
                               sigmaw = .77m.s-1 
			       1/2 sigma w = 0.38m.s-1 = 38cm.s-1 
 
Steve believes we should be more conservative and use t20 = 20 cm.s-1 
						   or t30 = 30cm.s-1 
 

SONIC ZEROs: 
 
	This morning was dedicated to  
working on the sonics and getting another 
set of zeros. Therefore the data should be 
looked at with caution from 16:00Z to xxxZ. 
 

ZERO UW @ 175M: 
 
	Finished zeroing the uw 
sonic at 175m site about 3 minutes 
ago. Results provided below. Ther was no 
changes made to the sensor. 
 
channel		zero 
 
a (yb)		 -638 
b (gw)		  -19 
c (og)		  -41 
 
NOTE: these zeros have not been entered 
in the sonic_uw_4b.c routine 
 

UW SONIC @ 100M ZEROED: 
 
	Finish work on the uw sonic at 100m. 
Changed polarity on channel "a top". This work 
was completed at 19:50Z. Below are the zero 
information before work and after. 
 
before: 
	channel		zero 
 
	a (yb)		 175 
	b (gw)		-157 
	c (og)		 168 
 
 
after: 
 
	a (yb)		 32  
	b (gw)		-170 
	c (og)		 179 
 
NOTE: these zeros have not been entered in 
sonic_uw_4b.c routine. 
 

ARCHIVERs COSMOS & RAGWORT STOPPED: 
 
	the archiver for cosmos was stopped to 
remove the bioflux data stream. They will not be 
running again for about 2 weeks. Ragwort archive was 
stopped to remove the conditional sampler data 
stream. 
This took place just before 00:00Z. 
 

CHANGES TO Splus CONFIG FILES: 
 
	The special config files in /home/aster/ 
apps/sfun/FOOTPRINT92 have been modified to meet 
specific project needs. The daily routines are running 
for days 158 and on. I am having a hard time 
getting wx.plot to run for days 155 thru 157. 
A minor change was made to ustarL.plot; it was 
not plotting the zero line to 24 hours. 
 

AUTO_BKFILES RUNNING: 
 
	Auto_bkfile is running. It is setup 
in the crontab to execute at 30 minutes after 
00:00Z. It will print out a message to remind 
you to initialize a new tape for the next day. 
 

Conditional sampler tests 
  
 The difficulty with the conditional sampling of 
 sunday evening was that there was a very low flow. 
 This indicated that possibly the cs was not functioning properly. 
 Nevertheless the syringes were all analysed (consam 1 through consam15) 
 The results are entered in the previous note. 
 
With the cs up on the tower and the 1/8 inlet no flow 
The cs was lowered and the flow checked. 
Connectors rechecked 
 With  a 1 sec cycle and the 1/8 tubing inlet 0.7 lpm  through a single tube. 
 With  a 1 sec cycle and the 1/4 tubing inlet 1.7 lpm through a single tube. 
 With  a 1 sec cycle and the inlet inadvertantly removed 
    		                       	0.13 lpm through a single tube. 
 
The cs was taken into the workshop and the pump inlet reinstalled 
 
The cs was run from 14:50 to 15:20 = 1.5 hrs and the air then pumped out 
through the gas meter 
      I   11.5 liters 
      II   7.5? liters 
      III 10.5 liters 
 
The cs was then set going on the chem shelter. 
 shows t15 = threshold = 15 cm s-1, y3 =  delay = 0.3 secs 
 then g, then p = pump on. 
Bubble testing showed the cs to be operating well. 
 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	System running, all adams up, 
all covars stayed up during the night. 
Sensors look good except for uw sonic at 
100m, daisy. There was spiking during the 
night. 
 

UW SONIC @ 100M STILL SPIKING: 
 
	The uw sonic at 100m is still 
spiking. At this point it is not known 
if the spiking is due to high winds. Right 
now the winds are light, 2 m/s, out of the southwest. 
There are no spikes. We will monitor the sensor. 
 

UW SONIC @ 100M: 
 
	The sonic at 100m looks good at  
higher winds, ~8 m/s. Will continue monitoring. 
 

SPIKING ON SONICS: 
 
	Some spiking going on on all sonics. 
Winds are pushing 8 to10 m/s. 
 

COSMOS DOWN: 
 
	Cosmos went down at about 22:50Z. 
Back on the air at 23:10Z. 
 

SF6 CODE WORKING: 
 
	The sf6 calibration code seems 
to be working now. The fault was operator 
error! Will monitor. 
 

Grassfire upwind 
At about 15:30 smoke from a grass fire to the south west 
of the site began to blow over us. The maximum amount of smoke 
,at about 16:30 , rendered the sun hazy. 
 

RAGWORT COVAR DOWN: 
 
	Ragwort covar went down again. 
This is a random crash by all adams. It maybe 
the system is getting bogged down by different 
links to the ingester. 
 

UW SONIC @ 100M SPIKING: 
 
	That sonic is spiking again! 
Winds are not to high. 
 

SHUTDOWN FOR GENERATOR SERVICE: 
 
	System being shutdown for generator servicing. 
Time is 15:19Z. 
 

SYSTEM BACK UP: 
 
	The system is back on line and collecting 
data at 16:18Z. 
 

MORNING STATUS: 
 
	Before shutdown for generator service 
everything was running except for a covar task. 
Brian kept the sf6 instruments running thru the 
night. 
There was spiking on uw at 100m. 
 

Conditional sampler ran overnight 
 
On Tuesday afternoon the CS indicated that valve B was stuck open. 
The CS was taken down and into the chem trailer. 
           Valve B was replaced with the spare. 
	   The valves were all exercised, 12 vdc levels checked. 
	   The ss relays were all exercised with 5vdc 
It was decided to provide separate 12 vdc from the serial 
cable for the board and leave the valves and pump on the separate 
12 vdc supply. 
 
The CS was reconnected and hoiste to the 5m level. It was initiated 
checked and left running . It ran overnight and at 08:00 was bubble checked. 
 
Later in the morning flow was measured throuh the lines. 
    Line A: 
      18 min = 2.4 l, 0.14 lpm, 
      42 min = 5.4 l, 0.13 lpm,  equivalent to 7.8 l per hour. 
    Line C: 
      48 min = 5.4 l, 0.11 lpm,  equivalent to 6.6 l per hour. 
    Line B: 
     112 min = 9.0 l, 0.08  lpm,  equivalent to 4.8 l per hour 
 
NB the low threshold should ensure A and C > B 
Also A and C were measured at different times. 
 
 

Radiation sensor levels checked. 
 
There is an obvious difference between net.rad and sum.rad. 
To assertain that it was not a leveling problem 
I rechecked the level of Arnold ( oK to within 0.2 degrees both ways) 
and the net radiometer ( bubble well inside circle. 
 

COSMOS DATA COLLECTION STOPPED: 
 
	While Tony and I were checking angles 
of the sensors and droops of the sonics, cosmos 
decided to stop sending data. A data_on got it 
going again. Shutdown happened at 17:50Z. 
 

Darkhorse orientaion shot. 
Using the theodolite and the ephemeris the alignment of the 
darkhorse rail was 260 deg 48'. 
The was difficulty in defining an appropriate edge to shoot. 
In future a set of sighting wands attached to each end of the rail 
needs to be employed. 
 

Flow tests of Cnditional Sampler 
 
The CS is fully operational and it has been decided to 
let it run continuously. 
The line ends with bayonet fittings are normally kept 
in a loosely fastened plastic bag to allow venting. 
 
A test of the flow: 
  At 14:25 start 
		 A -> I 
		 B -> II 
		 C -> III    allin box D 
  At 16:25 stop and pump out each bag through the pump and the meter. 
		 I   contained 16.9 l 
		 II  contained 10.5 l 
		 III contained 12.5 l 
 
I am not sure why A and C were different. 
 
 

PSYC TOWER COMING DOWN: 
 
	The psyc tower will be down for awhile 
to replace the psycs with calibrated humidity 
sensors. 
 

Changing the psychrometers 
 
At approx 08:00 the psych tower was lowered and the 
psychrometers were removed. They were replaced by new ones. 
 
                          Old       New 
	        10.0m     #67       #14 
		 7.5m     #21       #13 
		 5.0m     #36       #59 
		 3.0m     #23       #28 
		 1.5m     #35       #65 
 

Pyg.out problem 
 
The pyg.out (and maybe also occasionally the pyg.in) show bad tcase 
temperatures. This may be similar to the problem exibited during 
STORMFEST.  
 
 

The conitional sampler ran all night. 
 
A bubble test on the CS showed that it was still operating this morning. 
Possibly it will be used to collect hydrocarbons for Hal to analyse. 
 
 

PYG.OUT.CASE is ?: 
 
	Tony has looked at the radiation 
data and believes the pyg.out.case temperature 
is in error. Upon examination of the signal 
I would agree. The voltage output is too low. 
The problem can't be fixed in the field. 
With a post calibration of the termistors the 
data can be corrected. 
 

PSYC @ 3M moved to 10M: 
 
	The psyc at 10m, S/N 14, was giving 
low humidity readings. It was decided to move 
the 3m unit, S/N 28 up to the 10m height. 
S/N 14 will be looked at for incorrect coefficients. 
This change took place about 15 minute ago. 
 
 

INSTALL PSYC #14 @ 3M: 
 
	Psyc #14 was installed at the 3m 
mark. I could not get the unit to respond to 
commands to check the coefficients. Suggest replacing 
this unit with the spare one if TOm has the 
humitter for it. 
 

Proceedure for SF6 analysis 
 
With the GC running; 
 
  Touch LIST then ZERO if the print out is between 0 and 100 then proceed, 
  if not adjust zero pot. 
 
  Attach syringe and inject half of contents. 
 
  Wait 5 seconds for pressure transients to fade then move lever LOAD -> INJECT 
 
  Immediately touch START 
 
  The GC with output the trace showing the SF6 peak then the O2 peak. 
 
  When the O2 peak begins remove syringe and move lever INJECT -> LOAD 
 
  Wait two and a half minutes and the integrator will output results. The  
     SF6 is the RT = 0.25 
 
  Repeat 
 
 

 
Morning Status 
     
Weather; 
   Light steady rain! 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   Cockpit psycrometer windows reported lost data sometime last 
   night, but were working this morning. 
 
Sonics: 
   ATI sonic at cosmos (atiK.250.10m) is not transmitting this morning. 
   Tried power cycling, but it did not respond. Then connected to 
   it with rserial, hit carriage return, it responded with 
   "PUDIAG 12345" and started transmitting. 
 
   Some spiking on 175m sonic. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Spiking on h20.250.10m, probably due to rain.  h20.50.10m seems to be 
   off scale. 
 

Rain  
A significant rainfall occured at the site . Lacking the rain 
guage we do not have the rainfall data. However the data should be 
available from the Hanford meteorological station. We should obtain 
their records for the entire deployment period. 
In fact we should obtain all their records for the entire deployment. 
 
I estimate approximately 1 cm of rainfall. 
 
 

Bioflux data requirements 
 
The bioflux program is designed to measure the surface flux of 
viable micro-organisms.  
Bruce and Brenda take 30 or 60 minute impactor samples at different 
heights on their tower. They need the heat flux and the temperature 
gradient data from the cosmos flux and psychrometer towers in order 
to calculate their fluxes. 
 
	     Ht flux  = overbar(w't') = K Cp rho Dt/Dz 
 
	     Bioflux =                = K Dbio/Dz 
 
	     Bioflux = overbar(w't')/Cp rho (Dbio/Dt) 
 
For the days which they collected impactor samples we should provide 
the covars for : 
		 wt 
		 tdry.psyc.1.5m 
		 tdry.psyc.3m 
		 tdry.psyc.5m 
		 tdry.psyc.7.5m 
		 tdry.psyc.10m 
This should be printed out numerical data. 
Six parameters with 288 values each for each of the 10 or so days 
that they operate. 
 

GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
Derived from         Number: 7             Written 06-JUN-92 by ACD  
Type: RAD                     Project: FOOTPRINT92          
Title: GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
--------------------------------------- 
Samples taken in the vicinity of the base 
Samples taken in triplicate 
Samples weighed within an hour of collection to give WET WEIGHT 
Samples then dried in the oven at 110 deg C for 24 hours to give DRY WEIGHT 
Soil samples were weighed with taring of an empty Al dish. 
 
DATE TAKEN	WET WEIGHT	DRY WEIGHT   DIFFERENCE    GRAVMOISTURE 
 
 (JULIAN)	 (GRAMS)	 (GRAMS)      (GRAMS)        (PERCENT) 
_______________________________________________________________________________ 
 5 Jun 92 
  Friday 
   157 
             A   25.59          25.48         0.11           0.43 
     SAND    B   33.17          33.02         0.15           0.45   = 0.43% 
	     C   35.11          34.97         0.14           0.40 
 
             A   23.76          23.69         0.07           0.30 
     GRASS   B   23.75          23.67         0.08           0.34   = 0.30% 
	     C   19.58          19.53         0.05           0.26 
 
             A   22.59          22.46         0.13           0.58 
     BUSH    B   21.72          21.60         0.12           0.56   = 0.57%  
	     C   29.33          29.16         0.17           0.58 
 
 11 JUN92 
 THURSDAY 
 
             A   34.38          34.14         0.24           0.70 
     SAND    B   34.10          33.84         0.26           0.77   = 0.74 
	     C   39.50          39.21         0.29           0.74 
 
             A   29.03          28.83         0.20           0.69 
     GRASS   B   29.67          29.46         0.21           0.71   = 0.70 
	     C   33.06          32.92         0.14           0.42 ignored 
 
             A   24.02          23.79         0.23           0.97 
     BUSH    B   25.06          24.81         0.25           1.01   = 0.96 
	     C   24.44          24.22         0.22           0.91     
 
 
RAINFALL 
 12 JUN92 
 FRIDAY 
 
 
             A   27.40      
     SAND    B   31.35 
	     C   26.16 
 
             A   24.19 
     GRASS   B   26.95 
	     C   26.22 
 
             A   28.36 
     BUSH    B   27.23 
	     C   26.68 
 
 
 
 

Conditional sampler after the rain 
 
On Friday during the rain a check of the CS indicated that in the run mode  
only line C was delivering sample. 
The system was restarted and a flow check indicated that B and C 
were delivering sample air. 
C gave 17.5l, B gave 3.5l and A gave 0.25l. 
The situation persisted overnight. 
This morning at 08:00 the flow was checked and the power was recycled both 
to the board (unplug/replug the serial cable) and 
the pump and valves (unplug/replug the dc cable). 
The flow was then checked by connection into the bags. 
C gave 8l, B gave 3.5l and A gave 0.15l. 
 
The CS was brought down the tower and into the trailer. 
Although the box was shut tight there was water inside. 
The water was dried and the box sat atop the dirt oven for several hours. 
 
The dried out CS was recabled at the bottom of the tower and a bag test run 
16:30 -> 16:35 
A gave 0.2l, B gave 4.1l, and C gave 6.1l. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   The pyg.out data is still anomolous with the pyg.out.case/dome differnce 
       much too high. 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   The 1.5m wind speed is low. Inspection showed normal spinning. 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   The sonics appear to be recovering from the rain. 
     However for the 50m the u comp is weaker than the v. w looks OK 
     The 100m u, v, w look OK with few spikes on w. 
	 The alevel and the blevel are OK 
     The 175m u, v, w look OK 
     The 250m u is offscale high, v and w look OK. tc looks like u. 
         The alevel is OK, the blevel is high and ringing. 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr data appears normal 
     
Weather; 
   The rain has stopped, there is complete cloud cover, the horizon 
   is in visible full circle and there is no mist or low cloud. 
   The wind is steady and the area is drying out. 
 

SF6 TRACER TEST PERIODS 
 
Line releases of SF6 were made under good wind conditions 
 
		    TRACER TEST PERIODS 
 
   Test    Date      J D    Start    Stop     Duration         Comments 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    1     2 Jun 92   154    14:06  ~19:50      5:44        
 
    2     4 Jun 92   156    10:54   18:15      7:21 
 
    3     5 Jun 92   157    06:27   08:46      2:19   
 
    4     6 Jun 92   158    13:48   16:25      2:37     No mass flow data 
 
    5   7-8 Jun 92   159    13:21   00:59     10:38 
 
    6     8 Jun 92   160    16:50   19:13      2:23 
 
    7     9 Jun 92   161    13:01   16:29      3:28     No mass flow data 
 
    8  9-10 Jun 92   161    16:42   09:23     16:41 
 
    9    11 Jun 92   163    08:54   11:12      2:18 
					    --------- 
					      53:29 
 

Conditional Sampler delay time 
 
On Thursday delay tests were run for the SF6 analysers with their 
intake lines. As part of this proceedure the Conditonal Sampler 
delay was redetermined. This was necessary because the cs 1/8 
intake has been replaced with a 1/4 teflon tube. 
 
Five tests were run for the analyser alone and five tests were run 
with the outlet of valve 3 feeding into a T at the analyser intlet. 
The SF6 cal solenoid was held at the CS intake. 
 
	  Analyser + conditional sampler delay        =   9.062 +_ 0.044s  
	  Analyser delay                              =   8.406 +_ 0.023s 
 
	  Coditional sampler delay                    =   0.656 s 
 

GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
Derived from         Number: 7             Written 06-JUN-92 by ACD  
Type: RAD                     Project: FOOTPRINT92          
Title: GRAVIMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE 
--------------------------------------- 
Samples taken in the vicinity of the base 
Samples taken in triplicate 
Samples weighed within an hour of collection to give WET WEIGHT 
Samples then dried in the oven at 110 deg C for 24 hours to give DRY WEIGHT 
Soil samples were weighed with taring of an empty Al dish. 
 
DATE TAKEN	WET WEIGHT	DRY WEIGHT   DIFFERENCE    GRAVMOISTURE 
 
 (JULIAN)	 (GRAMS)	 (GRAMS)      (GRAMS)        (PERCENT) 
_______________________________________________________________________________ 
 5 Jun 92 
  Friday 
   157 
             A   25.59          25.48         0.11           0.43 
     SAND    B   33.17          33.02         0.15           0.45   = 0.43% 
	     C   35.11          34.97         0.14           0.40 
 
             A   23.76          23.69         0.07           0.30 
     GRASS   B   23.75          23.67         0.08           0.34   = 0.30% 
	     C   19.58          19.53         0.05           0.26 
 
             A   22.59          22.46         0.13           0.58 
     BUSH    B   21.72          21.60         0.12           0.56   = 0.57%  
	     C   29.33          29.16         0.17           0.58 
 
 11 JUN92 
 THURSDAY 
 
             A   34.38          34.14         0.24           0.70 
     SAND    B   34.10          33.84         0.26           0.77   = 0.74 
	     C   39.50          39.21         0.29           0.74 
 
             A   29.03          28.83         0.20           0.69 
     GRASS   B   29.67          29.46         0.21           0.71   = 0.70 
	     C   33.06          32.92         0.14           0.42 ignored 
 
             A   24.02          23.79         0.23           0.97 
     BUSH    B   25.06          24.81         0.25           1.01   = 0.96 
	     C   24.44          24.22         0.22           0.91     
 
 
RAINFALL 
 12 JUN92 
 FRIDAY 
 
 
             A   27.40          24.75         2.65           10.7 
     SAND    B   31.35          28.36         2.99           10.5   = 10.6 
	     C   26.16          23.66         2.50           10.6 
 
             A   24.19          22.06         2.13           9.66 
     GRASS   B   26.95          24.60         2.35           9.55   = 9.59 
	     C   26.22          23.93         2.29           9.57 
 
             A   28.36          26.56 
     BUSH    B   27.23          25.40 
	     C   26.68          24.88 
 
 
 13 JUN92 
 SATURDAY 
 
 
             A   20.59          19.20 
     SAND    B   23.57          21.96 
	     C   19.60          18.27 
 
             A   22.10          20.29 
     GRASS   B   21.20          19.44 
	     C   20.02          18.38 
 
             A   24.14          22.99 
     BUSH    B   29.53          28.10 
	     C   24.46          23.29 
 
 14 JUN92 
 SUNDAY 
 
 
             A  25.17		23.36 
     SAND    B  24.33 		22.65 
	     C  22.03		20.46 
 
             A  25.66		23.65 
     GRASS   B  23.30		21.44 
	     C  22.09 		21.18 
 
             A  28.02		26.83 
     BUSH    B  25.50		24.30 
	     C  23.59		22.45 
 
 15 JUN92 
 Monday 
 
             A	24.73		23.39 
     SAND    B	25.54		24.08 
	     C	26.35		24.84 
 
             A	26.84		25.38 
     GRASS   B	26.00		24.64 
	     C	26.32		24.80 
 
             A	28.51		26.62 
     BUSH    B	23.30		21.64 
	     C	24.69		22.95 
 
 16 JUN92 
 Tuesday 
 
             A	31.04 
     SAND    B	29.80 
	     C	34.27 
 
             A	24.49 
     GRASS   B	24.33 
	     C	25.95 
 
             A	33.38 
     BUSH    B	29.88 
	     C	35.71 
 
 
 17 JUN92 
 Wednesday 
 
 
             A 
     SAND    B 
	     C 
 
             A 
     GRASS   B 
	     C 
 
             A 
     BUSH    B 
	     C 
 
 

ATI.K sonic  at 250m: 
 
u channel output  was 9999 this morning and Tc was 
unreasonably large.  About 11 am PDT, Gordon checked 
the connector on the array and then we re-calibrated 
the sonic with the zero wind tubes.  This corrected  
the problem with the Tc channel, but the u axis  
would not calibrate.  Then about 1515 PDT, Tony  
reconnected that sonic to the conditional sampler 
and that appeared to correct the problem with the 
channel.  However when he disconnected the conditional 
sampler for a short period, the problem did not  
return (???). 
 
We also had a problem when turning on power on this 
sonic that it often required a  from an 
rserial connection to begin operating. 
 
 

ATI.K sonics recalibrated 
 
Recalibrated the ATI.K sonics at 50 and 
250m.  The 250m sonic calibrated okay with 
the observation that the mean v appeared to 
have a magnitude of ~ 20 cm/s.  The 50m 
sonic balked at calibration of the v component, 
but the others calibrated okay.  However on  
cockpit, the u component looks like noise 
centered on zero and the w component has 
an unrealistically large variance.  Only 
the v component looks believable. 
 
 

3m Psychrometer 
 
Replaced current 3m psychrometer (14) with 
spare psychrometer (34) after installing 
humitter that Cathy sent from cal lab. 
The relative humidity at 3m may still be 
a little low  (or 1.5m may be high!). 
 
 

Removal of the Conditional Sampler 
 
As the bag tests showed that the CS was still not functioning properly 
it was removed from the tower to be rechipped in Boulder. 
The umbilical was coiled in one of the blue boxes. 
 

June 11 conditional samples 
 
 
Date:  11 June 92. 
 
   Delay = .3s      , threshold = 15 cm s-1 
                                              GC cal 1,018,768 =  312 ppbv 
                                                       921,335 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown  Counts      [SF6] 
 10:07       10:38    A left         I    cs        4.2l   17,818,          ppbv 
                      B center   D   II   cs        4.1l   71,116, 66,806   ppbv 
                      c right        III  cs        3.5l   39,858, 47,588   ppbv 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   The pyg.out data is still anomolous with the pyg.out.case/dome differnce 
       much too high. 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   The 1.5m wind speed is still low. 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
     The 100m u, v, w look OK with a few spikes (~2/minute) on each. 
     The 175m u, v, w look OK 
     The 250m all look OK.  The alevel is OK, the blevel is high and ringing. 
     The 50m u seems to be just noise about 0 m/sec, does not look at all 
     like v which looks OK.  w is spiking.  Rserial shows tc to be 
     completely wrong, about -20 degC.  Levels look OK. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr data appears normal 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline. 
     
Weather; 
   Partly cloudy, no rain. 
 
 
 

  250m ati u component started to show broad-band white noise after looking 
OK earlier this morning.  The problem was corrected yesterday by reconnecting 
the conditional sampler to the serial line from the sonic. 
 
  This was done again and reduced the noise on the u component to a "normal" 
looking signal. The conditional sampler will be taken back to Boulder, 
so we connected the conditional sampler serial input from the sonic, 
to the conditional sampler's output port on the serial breakout box.  This 
arrangement also seems to prevent the problem on the ati u component. 
  
 

atiK.50.10m sonic removed 
 
Checked the atiK.50.10m sonic with the 
oscilloscope and found that the u and  
w received pulses are very noisy and 
that v looked comparatively good. This 
corresponds to the observed quality of 
the measured winds. 
 
Gordon climbed the tower to determine 
whether loosening and tightening the 
sonic transducers would clean up the 
bad signals.  As he climbed the tower 
and it shook, the quality of the u 
received pulse varied quite noticeably, 
suggesting a poor connection.  Unscrewing 
and screwing the transducers back in did 
not improve the u component pulses and  
in the process the upper w transducer  
socket came loose from its wiring.   
The transducer  was very tightly screwed  
into its socket.  We took the sonic off  
the tower to return it to Boulder for 
repair and began to move the atiS sonic 
to 50m. 
 
 

  Placed atiS sonic on the 50 meter tower at 10m to replace the atiK 
sonic.  It is on ragwort serial channel 201, which had been reserved for 
a conditional sampler but never used.  Since there has been no data 
on that channel I did not start a new OPS.  The fast t and hygrometer 
are disconnected. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
   The cosmos ingestor was reporting many unrequested channels. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal except for pyg.out(dome-case). 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
   1.5m prop is working again. 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Barometers: 
  Not transmitting this morning. 
 
Sonics: 
  Spiking on 100m uw sonic - probably due to rain. 
  Others look OK. 
 
Fast Ts: 
  Fast T at 50m is disabled, which was done when the atiK sonic was lowered. 
  Fast T at 250m is OK. 
     
Fast water vapor: 
  Fast water vapor at 50m is disabled, which was done when the atiK sonic 
  was lowered. 
  Fast Kr data at 250m appears normal. 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
  Light rain off and on. 
 

 
Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal except same pyg.out.dome and case. 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   2 spikes on atiK.250.10m during the night, others OK. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   Fast T data at 250m appears normal. Fast T at 50m is still offline. 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Fast Kr data at 250m appears normal. Fast Kr at 50m is offline. 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
   The weather is beautiful 
 

3m Psychrometer humidity mismatched to others. 
 
The specific humidity data at 3m does not match that 
at the other levels.  It is offset and in some 
cases appears not as responsive.  I checked 
the fan and it is running okay. 
 
Note added at 01:25 GMT, June 17:  However, the 
relative humidity profile looks believable.  I 
think that the specific humidity profile is  
questionable because we are near the measurement 
uncertainty for that variable.  The specific 
humidity differences are less than 0.1 gm/kg. 
 
 

Spiking on uw.100.10m on days 166, 167 
 
It appears from the variance and covariance 
plots that there is spiking on the uw sonic 
at 100m for days 166 and 167, as well as 
prior days. 
 
 

Climbers on prop tower to install syringe samplers 
from 3:25 - 3:30 pm PDT and 5:20 - 5:45 pm PDT. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   All sonic  data appears normal 
   A few spikes on 100m uw sonic. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr data appears normal 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
   Clear 
 

Cleaned 250m Krypton windows 
with distilled water this morning 
at ~8:30 am PDT. 
 
 

Syringe samplers still on prop tower 
at 1.5, 3, and 6m.  These are boxes 
with dimentsions of ~ 8" wide, 12" 
high, and 24" long and they were 
mounted with the 24" dimension 
horizontal across the back of the 
tower. 
 
 

Recorded zero winds on atiS.50.10m 
this morning.  The results are in  
files  
FOOTPRINT92/zero_cals/atiS.50.u(v,w).169 
 
 

Syringe samplers removed from prop tower 
about 11 am PDT. 
 
 

Checked radiation sensor gains from 
10:45 am PDT to 11:45 am by putting 
a ladder at the west end of the sawhorse, 
measuring the sensor output at the 
black box, and looking at the aster 
output on ashow.  The gains for the 
psp's and pyg's were calculated to be 
200 and that for the net radiometer was 
100: 
 
sensor	output	chnl	counts	gain 
------------------------------------ 
psp.in	7.4 mV	110 	9755	200 
psp.out	1.0 mV	111	1388	200 
pyg.in	1.2 mV	108	1542	200 
pyg.out	2.7 mV	109	3620	200 
net    42.2 mV	116    27500	100 
 
By comparing to the calibration functions 
and the factory calibration, these appear 
to be the proper gains. 
 
The maximum incoming solar radiation measured 
at 622R today was 1.32 cal/cm^2/min = 921 W/m^2. 
This is close to the ASTER psp.in max of  
936.5 W/m^2. 
 
 

atiS.250.10m u axis went bonkers on JD 169 
from 0400 to 0800 and again around 1400 GMT. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   All sonic  data appears normal 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr data appears normal. 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
   Clear, sunny. 
 

Disconnected Pyg.out temperature leads 
(12 V, Tdome, Tcase) at the black box 
on the end of the sawhorse.  From the 
voltmeter, this did not appear to  
change the pyg.out reading.  The rad.soil 
S plot also indicates no change in pyg.out. 
I was on the ladder at the sawhorse from  
11:10 to 11:20 am PDT. 
 
 

Daily status 
 
There was moderate spiking last night on the 
uw.100.10m sonic.   
 
The w channel on the atiS.50.10m sonic is  
off scale. 
 
Tsoil.bush looks suspicious; one of the depths 
is reading about 10 deg C higher than the rest. 
However, looking at fun.tsoil.plot shows that 
the 1cm bush temperature heats up sooner in 
the morning than any other soil temperature. 
This is likely caused by its particular siting. 
 
 

Replaced crystal on w2 axis of atiS.50.10m. 
 
Found that the inboard, top crystal of the 
w axis on the atiS.50.10m sonic was bad. 
Replaced it with a spare crystal.  The  
resulting signal was weak and there appears 
to be a large positive offset to the vertical 
wind component.  Collected a few minutes of 
data with the zero wind tube on the vertical 
axis from ~ 11:43 pm PDT to 11:45.  Find it 
in the archived data. 
 
 

Cosmos crashed at 22:00 jday 171 
 
  Probably due to too much testing of xpsyc which eventually 
was not disconnecting from the socket successfully. 
 
  Restarted cosmos and archiving.  Restarted covar.  This new 
covar is using phase lags for the sf6 channel.  It will apparently 
need 1.3 Mbyte of main memory to synchronize all channels at cosmos 
with a 8.1 sec sf6 phaselag.  Wish it luck! 
 
  Restarted all by 22:40. 
 
 
 

 
Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   Disk filled up (Gordon's neglect) so about 8 hours of archive data 
   was lost last night. Covars kept running. See a later message for 
   specifics.  Otherwise base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal .  Pyg out dome & case remain  
   unconnected.  All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   Very few spikes on 250m atiK sonic.  50m atiS has w offset. 
   Other sonic  data appears normal 
 
Fast Ts: 
   250m fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   250m fast Kr data appears normal 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
   Sunny & hot. 
 

Replaced atiK sonic at 50 m tower.  It is  
at the 1m level to moniter its performance. 
We had to adjust the amplification level on 
the u and w axes in order to get clean 
signals and a proper zero calibration. 
 
 

Times of archive data loss for jd=173 
 
  The archive disk filled up and archive data was lost for all 
data channels from 10:23 to 14:58 gmt (03:23 to 07:58 local time). 
 
  Covars are available for that time. 
 
 
 

covars at 50, 100 and 175 now use sf6 phaselags 
 
 
  The above 3 covars were restarted at 19:56, jd=173 
and now have the following phaselags for the sf6 channels: 
 
	250m	8.113 sec	<- since jd=171 22:00 gmt, see comment 127 
	175m	6.458 sec 
	100m	7.164 sec 
	 50m	8.448 sec 
 

Computer trailer air conditioner quit 
this afternoon and we replaced it with 
the ac from the chem trailer. 
 
 

Moved 10m sonics at 100, 175, 250m towers 
down to 5m and moved atiK up to 5m.  Left 
atiS stored at 10m on 50m tower, but  
turned it off.  Began archiving data  
around 18:00 GMT, Monday, June 22. 
 
 

Tsoil.sand multiplexing appears to have 
begun to fail on JD 171.  It is now stuck 
on the 7 cm level. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal 
   Sand tsoil index is now only reading 3, with a cockpit shadow at 0. 
   All other soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   All wind speed data appears normal 
   All wind direction data appears normal 
 
Humchrometers: 
   All tdry  data appears normal  
   All specific humidity data appears normal 
 
Sonics: 
   All sonic  data appears normal 
   A few spikes at the 100m uw sonic. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr data appears normal 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
  Clear, sunny, hot. 
 

New sonic angles at 5m height: 
 
atiS.50.10m	296.6 deg 
atiK.50.5m	294.2 deg 
uw.100.5m	293.5 deg 
uw.175.5m	292.9 deg 
atiK.250.5m	295.8 deg 
 
After shooting the atiS.50.10m 
sonic and before shooting the 
atiK.50.5m sonic, we tightened 
the guy wires for the top of the 
50m tower. 
 
 

Pumped down bags in conditional sampler box 
B around 18:30 today and got ~ 0.3, 1.55, 0.45 
liters from bags I to III.  Since Gordon had 
pumped these down about 24 hours ago, it appears 
that they are leaking. 
 
I took box A out to the 250m tower and its bags 
had very little volume.  Attached box A to the 
conditional sampler and Gordon began a cylic 
test at 11:49 am PDT. 
 
 

Cyclic test restarted 
 
Previous cyclic test of conditional sampler failed, because 
the pump was not on while the valves cycled.  The correct 
sequence of commands is:  "p" (turn pump on) and then "cN", and 
not "cN" then "p", since the "p" disables the valve cycling. 
 
Started a cyclic test at 13:14 PDT, with a 100ms cycle period 
(command "c10") to bags in box A. 
 
Results: 
  Bag A:  6.4 l 
  Bag B:  6.5 l 
  Bag C:  6.0 l 
 
These look good, so we'll use box A. 
 
 
 
 

atiK.50.5m has stopped outputing wind 
data (output is -9999).  We will check 
in the morning to see whether it has 
recovered. 
 
 

Conditional sampler test 
 
  Ran test of conditional sampler with threshold set to 0.  Expect 
equal volumes of air in the up bag (A) and the down bag(C). 
Started test at 17:13 PDT.  Ended test at 17:56PDT. 
 
Results:  
	Bag A:  8.6 l 
	Bag B:	 .4 l 
	Bag C:  7.25 l 
 
  Air continued to run into bag A for a minute after the valves to the 
others were closed, before the contents were measured, so the real reading 
for A should be lower.  The cond_samp command "S" stop does not turn 
off the pump, one must also enter the "P" command. 
 

Turned off atiK.50.5m at 20:11 PDT. 
 
  Assuming its problem is temperature, perhaps it will cool off 
while powered down. 
 
  Brian Lamb will turn it on before the sf6 release tonight. 
 

  Rebooted cosmos at 10:55 PDT 
 
This was necessary because of changes to the conditional 
sampler channel configuration. 
 

Changed cond_samp calibration and configuration. 
 
  We now are only archiving threshold and status from the 
conditional sampler, since the sonic data is a duplicate of 
atiK.50.5m. 
 
 

  Added cal.sf6 and zero.sf6 average groups to all covar jobs. 
 
 
 

Fixed atiK.50.5m this morning by unscrewing and 
screwing back in the v component transducer on  
the right side facing the tower.  Recalibrated 
all three components. 
 
 

Removed the pyg.out pyrgeometer and checked its 
battery.  The battery was okay, so replaced it 
(SN 26416F3, cal 3.59e-6 V/W m^-2) with 
 SN 26417F3, cal 4.79e-6 V/W m^-2. 
 
Since the former pyg.out appeared to be wrong 
all along, simply changed the calibration 
coefficient from  
(5 V)/(32767 counts)/(200 gain)/3.59e-6 V/W m^-2) 
   = 0.2125244 W m^-2 per count 
to  
(5 V)/(32767 counts)/(200 gain)/3.59e-6 V/W m^-2) 
   = 0.1592824 W m^-2 per count 
 
 

Tsoil.grass died around 2200 GMT on JD 175. 
Buried it today in an attempt to cool it 
down. 
 
 

Cosmos archive was not running, all covar's dead 
 
  At 12:00 PDT when I arrived the archive program was not 
running on cosmos and all covars had disappeared. 
 
  Rebooted cosmos and restarted the archive and covars at about 12:10PDT. 
 
  Apparently all data was lost for cosmos from 10:56 to 12:15. 
 
  Perhaps the reason for the crashes is an error message in the sf6_mode.c 
calibration function which prints an "Unknown sf6 mode = X" message. 
If there are many of these errors, this could cause covar and cockpit to 
bog down the data network and things could crash.  I removed the 
error message from the cal function. 
 

June 25 threshold=0 and bag leak tests 
 
  Placed sampler on tower, with intake hose extended on the 5m sonic boom. 
Set threshold to 0, hoses connected to box A. Started test at 17:05 PDT, 
ended at 17:35 PDT. 
  Pumpdown volumes, box A: 
	Bag A:  7.1 l 
	    B:   .4 
	    C:  6.9  
 
  Evacuated bags in Box D, left for 3 hours. 
  Pumpdown volumes, box D: 
	Bag A:   .1 l 
	    B:   .4 
	    C:  2.8  <- suspect bag 
 
  Evacuated bags in boxes A,C and D at 18:20PDT. 
 
  Started threshold=0 test to box A at 18:28PDT, ended at 19:04. 
  Pumpdown volumes, box A: 
	Bag A: 5.7 l 
	    B:  .4 
	    C: 7.1 
 
Pumped down boxes C and D at 19:10PDT to check for leaks: 
Pumpdown volumes, box C: 
	Bag A:  .1 l 
	    B:  .05 
	    C:  .05 
Pumpdown volumes, box D: 
	Bag A:  .05 l 
	    B: 1.75	<- suspect bags. 
	    C: 2.2 
 
  Started another threshold=0 test to box A at 19:07PDT, ended at 20:00 
  Pumpdown volumes, box A: 
	Bag A: 7.6 l 
	    B:  .4 
	    C: 11.6 
 
  Again pumped down boxes C and D at 20:11PDT to check for leaks: 
Pumpdown volumes, box C: 
	Bag A:  .1 l 
	    B:  .1 
	    C:  .1 
Pumpdown volumes, box D: 
	Bag A:  .1 l 
	    B: 1.4	<- suspect bags. 
	    C: 2.0 
 
We will not use box D (or B), and will alternate between A and C. 
 
 

June 26 conditional samples 
 
 
Date:  26 June 92. 
 
   Delay = .7s, (7 samples)      , threshold = 25 cm s-1 
                                                     
Start Stop  CS out	Bx/bag  Syringe(s)  Pump   
03:32 04:32 A left	  I      A01-03     6.9	  
            B cntr 	A II     B01-03     7.6  
            C right	  III    C01-03     8.65 
 
04:32 05:32 A left	   I	 A04-06     7.0 
            B cntr	C  II	 B04-06      .7 
            C right	   III	 C04-06     8.4 
 
05:32 06:32 A left	   I     A07-09     6.0 
            B cntr	A  II    B07-09     8.4 
            C right	   III   C07-09     8.2 
 
  Turned pump off at 06:32 then took samples.  Winds died then came back. 
  Set threshold to 30cm/s, set valves to REVERSE. Start again at 07:32. 
 
 07:32       08:32    A left         I    A10      2.9 
                      B center   C   II   B10      0.6 
                      C right        III  C10      1.4 
						Pumpdown vols are small. ?	 
 
 08:32       09:32    A left         I    A11 
                      B center   A   II   B11 
                      C right        III  C11 
 
 
 
    Span gas = 934ppt 
 
    ---	Span gas Peak Height-----   ---Peak Height---	-----  ppt ---------- 
Syr   1      2      3   mean  s.d.    A      B      C    A    B    C   A-C 
1  825.3  823.0  822.5	823.6 .2%  470.0  479.7  456.0  533  544  517   16 
2  822.1  824.1  822.5	822.9 .1%  473.2  466.2  320.9  537  259  364  173 
3  821.3  817.0  817.0  818.4 .3%  457.8  438.5  456.7  522  500  521    1 
4  821.9  820.7  819.1  820.6 .2%  402.4  435.0  425.1  458  495  484  -26 
5  858.4  852.6  853.1  854.7 .4%  417.7  448.1  427.3  456  490  467  -11 
6  824.8  820.6  818.4  821.3 .4%  421.7  447.6  432.0  480  509  491  -11 
7  818.4  821.5 (814)   820.0 .3%  441.4  478.1 (410.2) 503  545  471a -42   
8  875.7  869.9  867.1  870.9 .5%  458.5  511.2  452.3  492  548  485    7 
9  865.6  863.5  863.8  864.3 .1%  474.4  488.2  451.7  513  528  488   25 
10 823.2  822.2  820.7  822.0 .2%  509.0  268.5  518.0  578  305  589  -11 
 
Period		 A    B    C	A-C 
03:32-	mean	531  524  467   64 
04:32	std	  8   22   90 
 
04:32-	mean	465  498  481  -16 
05:32	std	 13   10   12 
 
05:32-	mean	503  540  481   22 
06:32	std	 11   11    9 
 
07:32-  mean    578  305  589  -11 
08:32   std       
 
Mean Span reproducibility .27% 
 

System up after generator service. 
 
T'was down from 20:20 to 21:45 GMT 
 

Added the bioflux 1-D sonic and fast t to cosmos 
 
 
  Installed 20hz filters for these channels in the filter board on cosmos. 
The sonic signal coming out of the Campbell 21X datalogger was very ugly, 
with much jitter, so the Aster data connection is at the input of the 21X and 
looks OK.  The output voltage of the sonic is +-5V with 1V=1m/sec.  The 
channel is configured with gain=0. 
 
  The fast t seems to be broken, the output is fixed at around -2.8 V. 
 
 
  Cosmos was down for this work from 15:57 (22:57 GMT) to about 17:00 (00:00). 
 

June 27 conditional samples 
 
 
Date:  27 June 92. 
 
   Delay = .7s, (7 samples)      , threshold = 30 cm s-1 
                                              GC cal  
                                                     
GMT 
Start time  Stop time CS outlet Box/bag  Syringe  Pumpdown 
 03:34       04:34    A left         I    A11-13   5.3 l 
                      B center   C   II   B11-13    .8 
                      C right        III  C11-13   8.2 
 
 04:34       05:34    A left         I    A14-16   5.3 
                      B center   A   II   B14-16   9.5 
                      C right        III  C14-16   7.4 
 
 05:34       06:34    A left         I    A17-19   4.6 
                      B center   C   II   B17-19    .7 
                      C right        III  C17-19   8.4 
 
 06:34       07:34    A left         I    A20-22   5.1 
                      B center   A   II   B20-22   9.4 
                      C right        III  C20-22   8.3 
 
Turned pump off at 07:34, then took samples. 
At 08:03 set valves to REVERSE, turned pump on. 
 
 08:03       09:03    A left         I    A23-25   7.5 
                      B center   C   II   B23-25   0.7 
                      C right        III  C23-25   2.7 
 
 
At 09:03 set threshold to 15cm/s, valves to REVERSE, turned pump on. 
08:03-09:03 samples were spoiled, winds were bad anyway. 
 
 09:03       10:03    A left         I    A23-25 
                      B center   C   II   B23-25 
                      C right        III  C23-25 
 
 
    Span gas = 934ppt 
    After syringes 11-13 and 20-22 Brian also ran a 1/2 span gas 
    through, by adding a syringe of ambient air to the intake before 
    running it through the GC. 
																	      mean 
    ---	Span gas Peak Height-----   ---Peak Height---	-----  ppt ---------- 
Syr   1      2      3   mean  s.d.    A      B      C    A    B    C   A-C 
11 1445.9 1436.2 1434.9 1438.9 .4%         586.9  591.7 445  413  411  34 8% 
12  744.9  773.2  736.8             692.9  637.7  663.8 1.5% 7.6% 5.9%  8% 
13                                  678.8  683.5  642.6 
14 1445.8 1443.1 1439.8 1442.9 .2%  766.4  748.6  722.5 496  492  471  25 
15                                  774.1  737.5  734.2 1.0% 3.9% 0.8%  5% 
16                                  758.6  793.6  728.4 
17 1436.9 1435.4 1433.1             779.4  789.2  715.5 493  516  472  21 
18  733.4  737.7  720.3             741.0  803.8  710.5 2.7% 1.1% 2.8%  4% 
19                                  750.0  787.5  748.3 
20 1425.9 1420.6 1421.4 1422.6 .2%  787.9  821.5  734.6 533  547  505  28 
21  734.1  737.1  746.2             842.4  827.9  817.1 3.5% 1.7% 5.5%  5% 
22                                  803.9  848.5  757.1 
 
Period		 A    B    C	A-C 
03:34-	mean	 
04:34	std 
 
04:34-	mean 
05:34	std 
 
05:34-	mean 
06:34	std 
 
06:34-  mean 
07:34   std  
 
08:03- 
09:03 
 
Mean Span reproducibility 
 

sf6 mode cycle lengthened to 200 minutes at 50 & 100m 
 
This was changed beginning at 20:00 PDT 6/26. 
The sf6 instruments at 175 and 250m are still on 30 minute 
cycles. 
 

The two Krypton hygrometers do not agree 
in either their mean behavior or that of 
their variances.  The Krypton at 250m has 
a much larger diurnal variance than the 
one at 50m and also larger 5 minute 
variances and covariance with w. 
 
 

Morning status: 
 
Sand and grass soil temperatures still not 
multiplexing properly. 
 
Pyg.out has no dome and case temperature. 
 
uw.100.5m sonic was somewhat noisy last  
night. 
 
 

The Splus fun.props.config has had incorrect 
boom and array azimuth angles (315) rather 
than the correct values of 294.25 and 210. 
I fixed this today. 
 
 

Morning Status 
 
ASTER base: 
   All base systems operated through the night. 
 
ADAMs: 
   All ADAMs operated throughout night. 
 
Rad Farm: 
   All radiation data appears normal 
   All soil data appears normal 
 
Propvanes: 
   1.5 and 3m props are not transmitting any data. 
   Disconnecting and reconnecting the serial lines restarted 
   the data flow. 
 
Humchrometers: 
   10m psyc is not transmitting.  Disconnecting the serial line 
   did not help. 
 
Sonics: 
   u.atiK.250.5m signal looks noisy. 
 
Fast Ts: 
   All fast T  data appears normal 
     
Fast water vapor: 
   Both fast Kr are suspect due to rain water on lenses. 
 
Conditional Sampler: 
   Offline 
     
Weather; 
   Heavy thunderstorms last night, cool cloudy this morning. 
 

June 27 cond samp span gas test 
 
  Ran span gas into conditional sampler, with valves in cycle mode, 
and then checked samples from each bag. 
 
  First we checked the flow rate of the cond samp intake tube using an 
Aalborg flow meter (Aalborg offset = .02 l/min): 
				 
  V1 on sample, others vent:   .98 - 1.01 l/min 
  V2 on sample, others vent:   .98 - 1.01 
  V3 on sample, others vent:   .98 - 1.01 
  All vent		      1.08 - 1.11 
 
  Out of curiousity I loosened the lid on the cond samp weather box 
and ran the same flow rate test: 
 
  V1 on sample, others vent:  1.05 - 1.08 l/min 
  V2 on sample, others vent:  1.02 - 1.03 l/min 
  V3 on sample, others vent:   .97 -  .99 l/min 
 
  Since the valves vent into the box, the box lid should not be airtight 
but it does not make a large difference in the flow rate. 
 
  Span gas test 
 
  Valves set to cycle every 100ms (command:  "c10").  Started at 15:20 
to Box C.  The hose from the span gas cylinder and the cond samp intake 
hose were placed side by side inside a 30cc syringe.  The span gas 
was released into the syringe at 1.42 l/min which should insure that the 
cond samp is receiving pure span gas. 
  Lid on cond samp weather box was loosened at 15:33.  Test was ended (pump 
turned off) at 16:20:30 PDT.   
  We then took 5 syringe samples from each bag and ran these through the GC. 
 
  Pumpdown quantities: 
	Bag A: 7.4 l 
	    B: 1.0 
	    C: 7.2   These look like a threshold=0 test, but it was 
		     a cycle test!  Something's wrong here. 
 
GC analysis 
	Peak Height  
  Bag A	  -----  Span Gas ------ 
  1159730 1137261 1133550 1134277 
  1188152 1170249 1169303 1175161 
  1215382 1231678 1090697 1234317 
  1285267 1292499 1290247 1292120 
  1278596 1292499 1290247 1292120 
 
	Peak Height  
  Bag B	  -----  Span Gas ------ 
  1028074 1053394 1050604 1050782 
  1016774 1078084 1081005 1081714 
  1049727 1099325 1096686 1064540 
  1025307 1023500 1022210 1021242 
  1007510 1011414 1026673 1006645 
 
	Peak Height  
  Bag C	  -----  Span Gas ------ 
  917762 990250 988549 983021 
  915209 979208 966385 969353 
  905464 972236 974525 979244 
  908333 970562 973547 975259 
  920297 1009763 1011023 1009422 
  896423 1006444 1005343 1008022 
 
Summary of calibration test: 
 
SF6 calibration gas input to conditional sampler in cylic mode. 
Each row below represents the analysis of one syringe sample from 
the appropriate bag (A,B,C), followed by three syringe samples 
directly from the calibration gas.  The output is the mean and % 
standard deviation of the three direct samples, followed by the 
ratio of the bag sample to the mean of the three cal gas samples. 
 
> fun.sf6.caltest("projects/FOOTPRINT92/results/condsam/caltest.jd179.A") 
1135029   0.2   1.02 
1171571   0.3   1.01 
1185564   6.9   1.03 
1291622   0.1   1.00 
1291622   0.1   0.99 
 
> fun.sf6.caltest("projects/FOOTPRINT92/results/condsam/caltest.jd179.B") 
1051593   0.1   0.98 
1080268   0.2   0.94 
1086850   1.8   0.97 
1022317   0.1   1.00 
1014911   1.0   0.99 
 
> fun.sf6.caltest("projects/FOOTPRINT92/results/condsam/caltest.jd179.C") 
987273    0.4   0.93 
971649    0.7   0.94 
975335    0.4   0.93 
973123    0.2   0.93 
1010069   0.1   0.91 
 
 

Fast T cals: 
 
Recorded fast T cals yesterday afternoon 
and this morning, placing them in 
$ASTER/projects/FOOTPRINT92/fast_cals/files 
where files is t.50.181, t.100.181,  
t.175.182, and t.250.182.  Each of these 
files contains ~10 samples from cshow,  
alternating between operate and calibrate  
(operate + 5 degrees). 
 
 

Sonic zeros 
 
Recorded sonic zero wind readings yesterday 
afternoon and this morning after lowering the 
sonics to the 1m level.  The data are in 
$ASTER/projects/FOOTPRINT92/zero_cals/file. 
 
atiK.50.5m:  Output from cshow to files  
atiK.50.(u,v,w).181.  Apparently only got 
good data for the u component.  The v  
component file is empty and the w component 
file is only -9999's.  We had previously 
adjusted one of the v component crystals on 
this array to fix a problem, and putting the 
zero wind tube on it may have knocked it out 
again! 
 
uw.100.5m:  Output from rserial to files 
uw.100.(yb,og,wg).181.  Data look good 
with the zeroed components having outputs 
less than 100 counts.   
 
uw.175.5m:  Output from rserial to files 
uw.175.(yb,og,wg).182.  og and wg data look good 
with the zeroed components having outputs 
less than 100 counts, but yb component had 
very large counts.   
 
atiK.250.5m:  Output from cshow to files 
atiK.250.(u,v,vw).182.  Data generally look 
good. 
 
 

  Computed fast t calibration parameters from data files on 
directory $ASTER/projects/FOOTPRINT92/fast_cals. 
  Files:  
    t.50.6-6-92 
    t.50.181    jd 181 = 6-29-92 
    t.100.6-6-92 
    t.100.181 
    t.175.6-6.92 
    t.175.182 
    t.250.6-6-92 
    t.250.182 
 
  This procedure is the same as used by Tom Horst at Stormfest92, 
  see logbook entry for FASTT calibrations. 
 
  1. Edited those files to remove transient points near voltage jumps. 
     The edited files have a ".ed" suffix. 
  2. Computed the mean and sd of the voltage jumps, using 10 points 
     on either side of the jumps.  This was done with the Splus 
     function  fun.fastT.cal (source:  $ASTER/apps/sfun/xtra/fastT.cal.S) 
 
  Results 
    Parameters for prep.config linear cal function: 
      50m:  .001520 degC / count 
      100m: .001463 degC / count 
      175m: .001457 degC / count 
      250m: .001510 degC / count 
 
Here is the output from the fun.fastT.cal computations: 
 
50m Tower 
  >  fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.50.6-6-92.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
   [1] -5.030545  5.018509 -5.030682  5.021973 -5.031809  5.022482 -5.034564 
   [8]  5.025282 -5.036000  5.028627 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.028047 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.005772322 
 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.50.181.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
  [1] -5.010909  5.032727 -5.010000  5.018182 -5.013636  5.026364 -5.003636 
  [8]  5.040000 -4.950909 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.011818 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.02566069 
 
  These 2 averages at 50m differ by less than .35% 
  Average of 50m calibrations (10 * 5.028 + 9 * 5.0118) /19 = 5.02036 +- .02 
  So the prep.config linear calibration coefficient should be: 
  5degC / 5.02036 V * (100 V / 65534 counts) = 1.520e-3 degC / count 
 
100m Tower 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.100.6-6-92.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
   [1] -5.218927  5.210609 -5.219518  5.212982 -5.230600  5.219209 -5.227282 
   [8]  5.222809 -5.228364  5.218927 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.220923 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.006457685 
 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.100.181.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
   [1] -5.206364  5.199091 -5.215455  5.185455 -5.216364  5.200909 -5.220000 
   [8]  5.200909 -5.219091  5.209091 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.207273 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.0109511 
 
  These 2 averages at 100m differ by less than .27% 
  Average of 100m calibrations: 5.2141 +- .011 
  prep.config linear calibration coefficient: 
  5degC / 5.2141 V * (100 V / 65534 counts) = 1.463e-3 degC / count 
 
175m Tower 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.175.6-6-92.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
   [1] -5.261791  5.248927 -5.265845  5.255427 -5.268464  5.257345 -5.269409 
   [8]  5.259018 -5.270827  5.262209 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.261926 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.006944764 
 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.175.182.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
  [1] -5.185455  5.190000 -5.219091  5.198182 -5.224545  5.206364 -5.215455 
  [8]  5.213636 -5.220909 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.208182 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.01406155 
 
  These 2 averages at 175m differ by less than 1.1% 
  Average of 175m calibrations: 5.23648 +- .03 
  prep.config linear calibration coefficient: 
  5degC / 5.23647 V * (100 V / 65534 counts) = 1.457e-3 degC / count 
 
250m Tower 
  >  fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.250.6-6-92.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
   [1] -5.066073  5.048336 -5.099227  5.049009 -5.095482  5.058845 -5.090609 
   [8]  5.057627 -5.105345  5.062455 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.073301 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.02193027 
 
  > fun.fastT.cal(scan("t.250.182.ed"),10) 
  $dT: 
  [1] -5.014545  5.020000 -5.039091  4.998182 -5.036364  5.020000 -5.041818 
  $avg: 
  [1] 5.024286 
  $sd: 
  [1] 0.01573467 
 
  These 2 averages at 250m differ by less than 1.1% 
  Average of 250m calibrations: 5.0515 +- .03 
  prep.config linear calibration coefficient: 
  5degC / 5.0531 V * (100 V / 65534 counts) = 1.510e-3 degC / count 
 
 
  Since the calibrations at 6/6/92 and 6/29/82 agreed to within 1.1% 
we will use the average of the two results for the entire experiment. 
 

Post calibration of Tsoil probes 
 
I had Allen do a calibration run on the Tsoil units 
after he repaired the boards. Results of the tests can 
be gotten from Steve Semmer. 
 
The test consisted of placing the probes in an 
aluminum block with the temperature reference device. 
The electronics were also in the chamber at the time of the test. 
A soak time of 1 hour was used at each temperature. 
 
The first sensor looked pretty good. 
There was a definite change in slope with respect to the temperature. 
This may have been due to the electronics response to temperature 
changes. Calibrations before StormFest and FootPrint did not allow 
for the electronics to be subjected to changes. 
All four probes followed each other. 
 
The other two sensors did not fair as well. 
There was a slope change; however, the tracking between sensors 
was not that good. I will have Allen do another 3 point check 
on this units. 
 
The table below specs the worst error of each probe in the 
range of 20C to 40C (FootPrint). The table also has the error 
band if a simple linear fit were applied over the specified 
temperature range. The error information is computed using the 
pre-calibration coefficients with the post-calibration voltage 
outputs. 
 
The question to answer is do we want to apply a correction to 
the FOOTPRINT and or STORMFEST data. The components changed on the 
circuit boards should not have had a major impact on the sensor 
output since the impedence of the mux swithes are low compared to 
the thermistor values. 
 
sensor		mean error (C)		linear fit error (C) 
		  TS - REF		   TS - REF			 
 
TS1-1cm		-.2 to .2		-.01 to .02 
TS1-3cm		-.2 to .2		-.01 to .01 
TS1-5cm		-.2 to .2		-.01 to .01 
TS1-7cm		-.2 to .2		-.01 to .01 
 
TS2-1cm		 .1 to .3		-.04 to .07 
TS2-3cm		-.1 to .1		-.01 to .02 
TS2-5cm		 .0 to .1		-.02 to .03 
TS2-7cm		-.1 to .0		-.02 to .04 
 
TS3-1cm		-.1 to .1		-.01 to .01 
TS3-3cm		-.1 to .1		-.01 to .01 
TS3-5cm		-.1 to .7		-.03 to .06 
TS3-7cm		-.1 to 1.0		-.06 to .11 
 
 

Measurement of Soil Parameters. 
 
In order to define the heat flux into the soil the heat capacity of the soil, 
Csoil, needs to be defined.  
In order to calculate Csoil the values of certain soil parameters must 
be input. These parameters are: 
   Bulk density of dry soil             (g cm-3)           = blkdens 
   Mineral volumetric fraction   = blkdens/mindens         = minvolfrac   
   Organic volumetric fraction                             = orgvolfrac 
   Gravimetric water fraction                              = gravmoist 
 
The parameters blkdens, mindens, and orgvolfrac are constant for any 
particular site and may be entered into the project specifications. 
The parameter gravmoist varies throughout the deployment and is  
calculated from the results of the daily soil collection 
  gravmoist = (fresh.soil.wt - cooked.soil.wt)/cooked.soil.wt 
  (gravmoist is contained in the file soil.reduced) 
 
In order to obtain these parameters for the FOOTPRINT92 site a soil sample  
was returned to the lab and processed. 
 
1 Triplicate samples were processed. 
2 The soil (actually a loose sand with very little organic content and no 
   cohesion) was dried. 
3 Plastic vials (~50 ml) were tared and then using a syringe were filled to 
   20.0 g = 20.0 cm3. This level was marked on the vial. 
4 Soil was added to the vial to this level and the vials weighed. 
5 Water was then added to the soil until the soil was saturated. The excess 
   water was drawn off with trhe syringe. The vials were reweighed.  
6 The following relaionships were applied 
 
blkdens      = Dry.soil/Volume 
 
watervolfrac = (Pore.water/Volume)*Waterdensity 
             = ((Saturated.soil-Dry.soil)/Volume)*1.0 
 
minvolfrac   = 1- watervolfrac  
             = 1- ((Saturated.soil-Dry.soil)/Volume)*1.0 
 
mindens      = (Dry.soil/Volume)/minvolfrac 
             = blkdens/minvolfrac 
 
orgvolfrac   = Estimated to be very small. A value of 0.01 is to be used. 
 
 
Vial Volume Dry.soil Saturated.soil Pore.water blkdens minvolfrac mindens 
      cm-3     g            g           g       g cm-3             g cm-3 
 
 A    20.0    28.53      35.68        7.15       1.43     0.643     2.22 
 B    20.0    28.72      35.60        6.88       1.44     0.656     2.20 
 C    20.0    28.61      35.85        7.24       1.43     0.638     2.24 
						 ----     ----- 
						 1.43     0.65 
 
 
The required parameters are: 
     blk.dens      =   1.43 
     min.vol.frac  =   0.65 
     org.vol.frac  =   0.01 
 
 
Together with gravmoist data this allows the heat capacity of the soil,Csoil, 
to be calculated in units of  J m-3 degC-1 
 
blk.dens     <- 1.43 
min.vol.frac <- 0.65 
org.vol.frac <- 0.01 
 
gravmoist <- fun.gravmoist(jday) 
 
Csoil <- ( 1.9*min.vol.frac + 2.5*org.vol.frac + 
	   4.2*gravmoist*blk.dens )*1e6 
 
 

Soil heat flux correction due to thermal conductivity, the Philip correction. 
 
The surface heat flux, G, is obtained from the heat flux measured at 8cm and 
the time varying mean temperature of the top 8cm of soil.  
	 
     G(i) = G8(i) 
              + Csoil*(0.08)*(Tsoil(i+1)-Tsoil(i-1))/(t(i+1)-t(i-1)) 
				   
       where: G8 is the heat flux at 8cm depth in the soil 
	      Csoil is the soil heat capacvity 
	      Tsoil is the mean temperature of the top 8cm of soil 
         and: the subscript i refers to data at ti seconds 
                           (i-1) refers to data recorded at t(i-1)seconds 
	                   (i+1) refers to data recorded at t(i+1)seconds 
						   
Soil temperatures are measured at the depths of 1cm, 3cm, 5cm, and 7cm. 
These are weighted to generate a mean soil temperature. 
 
	   Tsoil = ((Tsoil1) + (3 * Tsoil3) + (3 * Tsoil5) + (Tsoil7))/8  
 
Soil heat capacity is derived by determination of the mineral fraction, 
the organic fraction and the water fraction of the soil. 
For the FOOTPRINT92 deployment the soil heat capacity was: 
 
		 Csoil = (1.26 + 6.01 wf) * 10**6 
			    (J degK-1 m-3) 
 
       where: wf is the gravimetric soil moisture: 
	  wf = (mass of fresh soil - mass of dry soil)/mass of dry soil 
 
The gravimetric soil moisture, wf, is determined by collecting 
surface to 8 cm depth soil samples, weighing them fresh, drying the samples 
in an oven at 110 degrees C, and after 24 hours reweighing them. 
 
 
An additional consideration in the determination of the soil heat flux 
is that the soil heat flux measured at 8cm, G8, 
needs to be corrected for the convergent flow of heat through the plate 
due to the difference in the thermal conductivity of the soil and the plate. 
The problem is compounded because the heat flux plates are calibrated in a 
medium, the thermal conductivity of which is different still. 
A relationship was composed by Philip (1961) and further extended by 
Fritschen and Simpson (1989) which corrects for these factors. 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                        * (1 -1.92(t/d)(1 -(ks/kt))/(1 -1.92(t/d)(1- (km/kt))) 
								 
  where   t = transducer thickness                        
          d = transducer diameter                           
         kt = thermal conductivity of the transducer 
	 km = thermal conductivity of the calibration medium, wet glass beads 
       	 ks = thermal conductivity of the soil   
 
The values used for t, d, kt, and km  were provided by  
		  Radiation Energy Balance Systems 
		  P.O.Box 15512, Seattle, WA 98115-0512 
		  206-624-7221 
with respect to the HFT1 square plates which they sold to us and have since 
calibrated in Apr87 and Dec91. 
Nominal dimensions of HFT1 heatflux plate 0.39cm thick, 3.2cm * 3.2cm. 
This defines an effective diameter of 3.61cm, and a t/d of 0.39/3.61 = 0.108. 
Values of kt = 1.00  W m-1 degC-1 
          km = 0.906 W m-1 degC-1 
         t/d = 0.108 
       km/kt = 0.906 
 
The value for the thermal conductivity of soil, ks, is calculated from an 
expression developed by McInnis (1981) which involves the gravimetric soil 
water percentage, wf. 
 
           ks = 0.64 + (1.63 * wf) - 0.05 * e**(-17 * (wf)**2) 
 
To confirm the reasonableness of these figures a sample calculation follows: 
 
A typical value of wf = 0.08, would lead to a soil thermal conductivity of: 
           ks = 0.64 + (1.63 * 0.08) - 0.05 * e**(-17 * (0.08)**2) 
           ks = 0.64 + 0.13          - 0.05 * e**(-17 * 0.0064) 
           ks = 0.64 + 0.13          - 0.05 * e**(-0.1088) 
           ks = 0.64 + 0.13          - 0.05 * 0.897 
           ks = 0.64 + 0.13          - 0.045  
           ks = 0.725  
 
     This gives a ratio of ks/kt = 0.725 
 
Substituting these values in the Philip correction term gives: 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * (1 -1.92(t/d)(1 -(ks/kt)))/(1 -1.92(t/d)(1- (km/kt))) 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * (1 -1.92(0.108)(1 -(0.725))/(1 -1.92(0.108)(1- (0.906)) 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * (1 -1.92(0.108)(0.275))/(1 -1.92(0.108)(0.094)) 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * (1 -0.057)/(1 -0.0195) 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * (0.943)/(0.981) 
 
  G8(corrected) = G8(measured) 
                   * 0.961 
 
This looks like a good number; a 4% correction for 8% soil moisture. 
 
 
 

Computed biases for uw sonics. 
 
Using data gathered on days 158, 160, and 180 with 
the zero wind tubes (see logbook entries 62 and 161), averages 
were computed for the uw zeroes. 
 
The zero wind data files are in directory 
	$ASTER/projects/FOOTPRINT92/zero_cals. 
The means and sd's were calculated with Splus function 
uw.zero.S in $ASTER/apps/sfun/sonics. 
 
Here are the results from that function for the a, b and c paths and s: 
 
Filename jday n med n sd    a med        a sd    b med        b sd    c med  
uw.100.og.158     2    0 -18891.5  739.465671 -30106.0  872.031704    166.0 
uw.100.og.160     2    0 -18830.0  771.887921 -29931.0  862.952025    179.0 
uw.100.og.181     2    0 -18877.0  766.500485 -30110.0  883.750534    176.0 
uw.100.wg.158     2    0 -18333.0  888.508256   -156.0    4.987600 -29715.0 
uw.100.wg.160     2    0 -18275.5 1270.996124   -170.0    2.615674 -29672.0 
uw.100.wg.181     2    0 -18003.5 1105.119859   -167.0    4.190566 -30048.0 
uw.100.yb.158     2    0    175.0    1.653627 -30361.0  967.193417 -28639.0 
uw.100.yb.160     2    0     32.0    2.918266 -30445.5  951.436930 -28645.5 
uw.100.yb.181     2    0     27.0    5.056332 -30176.0  994.640173 -28874.0 
uw.175.og.160     1    0 -19244.0  768.380930 -30522.0  886.014393    -41.0 
uw.175.og.182     1    0 -19219.0  762.714473 -30492.0  861.921993    -46.0 
uw.175.wg.160     1    0 -18442.0 1260.303476    -19.0    3.105111 -29583.0 
uw.175.wg.182     1    0 -18193.5 1185.146810    -19.0    4.095747 -29805.0 
uw.175.yb.160     1    0   -638.0    4.031459 -30329.0 1053.126334 -28758.5 
uw.175.yb.182     1    0 -19130.0 3600.000310 -30156.0  777.943373 -28910.0 
                     c sd    s med       s sd  
uw.100.og.158    9.657437 -21070.5 230.988857 
uw.100.og.160    3.591711 -21047.0 238.458963 
uw.100.og.181    5.843478  44468.0 238.877747 
uw.100.wg.158  924.216656 -20909.0 262.379806 
uw.100.wg.160 1410.626975 -20914.0 360.275509 
uw.100.wg.181 1184.101548  44708.0 312.329786 
uw.100.yb.158  968.201062 -28125.0   3.939563 
uw.100.yb.160  949.273152 -28158.0   3.966031 
uw.100.yb.181  990.355113  37496.0   8.511049 
uw.175.og.160    2.020809 -21207.0 244.366044 
uw.175.og.182    3.570118  44331.0 305.040397 
uw.175.wg.160 1379.984355 -21017.0 359.644870 
uw.175.wg.182 1283.226676  44664.5 467.635171 
uw.175.yb.160 1043.026925 -28416.0   1.879472 
uw.175.yb.182  773.379323  44312.0 640.878852 
 
The biases for a, b, c and s were then chosen to be: 
 
# FOOTPRINT92  uw sonic at 100 meters 
#	    azero bzero czero szero 
92 153 0000   175  -155   165   480 
92 160 1950    30  -170   180   410 
 
# FOOTPRINT92 uw sonic at 175 meters 
#	    azero bzero czero szero 
92 153 0000  -640   -20   -40   260 
 
These values are in files uw_sonic.1 and uw_sonic.2 on 
directory $ASTER/cal_files. 
 

Sonic data for FOOTPRINT92 
 
In late Oct and early Nov 93 the bias and tilt calculations for 
the FOOTPRINT92 sonics were carried out. 
 
The two functions used: 
		       fun.sonic.bias.plot 
                       fun.sonic.tilt.plot 
were composed by T. Horst and subsequently modified by G. Maclean. 
 
The programs are annotated and the default values for parameters 
displayed in the listing. Specified values for parameters which were  
utilized in this analysis were: 
            prop.corr = 65.75 for ops1 
              flagmax = 0.1  for ops1, 2, and 3 
	         wmax = 1.0  for ops1, 2, and 3 
 
Three configuration were specified during the FOOTPRINT92 deployment; 
 
  ops1 from jday 154:157  
    all sonics at 10m height on the four towers 
                  atiK.50.10m,  uw.100.10m,  uw.175.10m, atiK.250.10m 
 
    prop vane at 10 m at 50m station 
    prop azimuth not adjusted and a prop correction of 65.75 degrees needed 
 
 
  ops2 from jday 157:174 
  (This was an error as two separate sonics were deployed on the 50m tower,  
		  atiK from jday 157:163 
		  atiS from jday 167:174          
NB atiS.50.10m underwent a radical change on jday 171 at ???. See logbook 126 
   I have split the 167:174 into 167:170 and 172:174 
 
    all sonics at 10m height on  the four towers 
    jday 157:163  atiK.50.10m,  uw.100.10m,  uw.175.10m, atiK.250.10m 
	          ___________   
    jday 167:174  atiS.50.10m,  uw.100.10m,  uw.175.10m, atiK.250.10m 
                  -----------   
 
NB atiS.50.10m underwent a radical change on jday 171 at ?????? 
   I have split the 167:174 into 167:170 and 172:174 
 
    prop vane at 10 m at 50m station 
    prop azimuth properly adjusted and no prop correction needed 
 
 
  ops3 from jday 174:181  
    all sonics at 5m height on the four towers 
                  atiK.50.5m,   uw.100.5m,   uw.175.5m,  atiK.250.10m 
 
    prop vane at 5 m at 50m station 
    prop azimuth properly adjusted and no prop correction needed 
 
For all sonics for each ops the sonic azimuths were determined with 
a theodolite. These values of sonic.azm are the nominal values. The 
first step in processing the sonic data was to determine the true 
values for sonic.azm. This was done by comparing the difference 
between the propvane and the sonic as the value of the sonic's azimuth 
is varied. The value of the function, 
                 tot err = ((error in u)^2 + (errorin v)^2)^1/2 
was plotted as the assumed azimuth of the sonic, sonic.azm, was varied.  
A minimum in the curve corresponded o the true azimuth of the sonic. 
 
These true sonic.azm's were then used as input to the bias program which 
plots out wind  speeds given by the sonic and the prop for both u and v. 
The  gains and intercepts of these lines are given as: 
        	 u.gain, v.gain, u.off, and v.off. 
 
These gains and intercepts were then used as input to the tilt program 
which calculates for each sonic for each ops the offset, pitch and roll, 
given as elements of b. 
 
The entire calculation set was repeated in one session on Mon 8 Nov 
and the values are reported below: 
 
NB. On 15 Dec 1993 the atiS.50.10m data was reexamined. 
    atiS.50.10m 167:174 has been split into 167:170 and 172:174 because of  
    a radical change which occured on jday 171 at ????? 
 
ops1 
sonic.name   jdays   sonic.azm  prop.corr u.off  v.off  u.gain v.gain  
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.10m  154:157  296.6      65.75     0.06  -0.03   1.03   1.03 
uw.100.10m   154:157  292.4      65.65     0.11  -0.01   0.96   0.96 
uw.175.10m   154:157  294.6      65.75     0.11   0.02   0.95   0.97 
atiK.250.10m 154:157  299.0      65.75     0.09   0.08   0.98   1.04 
 
sonic.name   jdays    offset pitch roll               b 
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.10m  154:157   0.0   -2.0   2.9    -0.004  -0.034  -0.052 
uw.100.10m   154:157   1.0   -1.8  -0.7     0.010  -0.032   0.013 
uw.175.10m   154:157   1.0   -1.7  -0.7     0.011  -0.029   0.011 
atiK.250.10m 154:157  -2.0   -0.7   0.5    -0.015  -0.011  -0.008  
 
 
ops2 
sonic.name   jdays   sonic.azm  prop.corr u.off  v.off  u.gain v.gain  
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.10m  157:163  296.0         0.0    0.06  -0.02   1.04   1.04 
atiS.50.10m  167:170  296.4         0.0   -0.02  -0.08   0.96   1.03 NEW DATA 
atiS.50.10m  172:174  296.4         0.0   -0.01  -0.12   0.95   1.01 NEW DATA 
uw.100.10m   157:174  291.2         0.0    0.10  -0.04   0.96   0.93 
uw.175.10m   157:174  293.9         0.0    0.11   0.01   0.95   0.95 
atiK.250.10m 157:174  297.0         0.0    0.12   0.15   0.99   1.02 
 
sonic.name   jdays    offset pitch roll               b 
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.10m  157:163   1.0   -2.3   2.5      0.011  -0.040  -0.044 
atiS.50.10m  167:170  -2.0    0.2   1.1     -0.019   0.003  -0.019 NEW DATA 
atiS.50.10m  172:174   304   -2.3   2.7      3.040  -0.040  -0.048 NEW DATA 
 For the above I used wmax=5.0 rather than wmax=1.0 as elsewhere.  
uw.100.10m   157:174   1.0   -2.1  -0.6      0.008  -0.037   0.011 
uw.175.10m   157:174   0.0   -1.6  -0.6      0.002  -0.028   0.010 
atiK.250.10m 157:174  -3.0   -0.4   0.7     -0.032  -0.006  -0.013 
 
 
ops3 
sonic.name   jdays   sonic.azm  prop.corr u.off  v.off  u.gain v.gain  
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.5m  174:181  295.6          0.0   -0.01  -0.04   1.04   1.03 
uw.100.5m   174:181  291.0          0.0    0.04   0.02   0.94   0.93 
uw.175.5m   174:181  295.2          0.0    0.09  -0.01   0.95   0.95 
atiK.250.5m 174:181  297.5          0.0    0.11   0.00   0.98   1.00 
 
sonic.name   jdays    offset pitch roll               b 
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
atiK.50.5m  174:181   -2.0   -0.9   1.8     -0.020  -0.017  -0.032 
uw.100.5m   174:181    0.0   -1.9  -0.1     -0.003  -0.034   0.002 
uw.175.5m   174:181   -2.0   -1.5  -0.8     -0.017  -0.026   0.014 
atiK.250.5m 174:181   -3.0   -1.0   0.8     -0.027  -0.018  -0.013 
 
Checked these numbers against the two sets of plots 9 Nov 
 

Sonic azimuth errors  
 
The difference between the wind direction measured by the prop vane 
on a tower at 50m and the  
The total error = (u.err^2 + v.err^2)^1/2  
 
 
ops1    atiK.50.10m    uw.100.10m    uw.175.10m   atiK.250.10m 
	   0.170        0.301         0.413          0.679 
            
 
 
ops2    atiK.50.10m    uw.100.10m    uw.175.10m   atiK.250.10m 
           0.161        0.296         0.377          0.516 
 
 
        atiS.50.10m     
           0.163 
 
 
ops3    atiK.50.5m      uw.100.5m     uw.175.5m    atiK.250.5m 
           0.178         0.303         0.393          0.519 
 
Increases with separation distance 
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
The difference between the theodolite value for the sonic (Nominal) and 
the value obtained from minimising the error relative to the prop (True) 
                     (True - Nominal)degrees 
 
ops1    atiK.50.10m    uw.100.10m    uw.175.10m   atiK.250.10m 
           1.2         -2.1           1.7            2,8 
 
ops2    atiK.50.10m    uw.100.10m    uw.175.10m   atiK.250.10m 
           0.6         -3.3           1.0            0.8 
 
        atiS.50.10m     
           1.0 
 
ops3    atiK.50.5m      uw.100.5m     uw.175.5m    atiK.250.5m 
           1.4          -2.5           2.3            1.7 
 
  
 No perceptable tendency 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------