Hawaii Hydrometeorological Networks

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The information below is NOT presently for Hawaii. Please check back later.
National Surface Meteorological Networks

Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) - The National Weather Service (NWS), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Department of Defense operate this network of 967 stations located throughout the United States (22 in Oregon). The data generally available from ASOS stations includes hourly (and special) observations of air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, visibility, present weather, and precipitation. Via modem data can be obtained every minute (typically the most recent ~8 hours of observations are kept at the stations). For further information on the ASOS network visit the NWS ASOS home page or the FAA Automated Sensors home page.

Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) - The FAA and various state agencies (particularly Aviation Divisions of state Departments of Transportation) operate this network of 900 stations located throughout the United States (3 in Hawaii). While data is generally available from 552 of these stations (none in Hawaii), the data from the other 348 stations (3 in Hawaii) is currently only available via dialup modem (typically the most recent ~3 weeks of observations are kept at the stations). These stations typically provide 20-minute observations of air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, visibility, altimeter setting, present weather and precipitation. For further information on the AWOS network visit the FAA Automated Sensors home page.

Non-Automated METAR Reports - In addition to the ASOS and AWOS there are still a number of stations where the observations are taken manually. There are 240 such observation locations located throughout the United States (3 in Oregon). A large proportion of these observations are limited in some fashion (e.g. no observations at night or just one or two observations in a day). The parameters available vary from station to station, but most provide air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, and present weather.

NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer Program - The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS) oversees this network with 9765 participating cooperative observers located throughout the United States (378 in Oregon). This network provides daily observations (7am local time) of maximum and minimum air temperature, precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth. Some stations also provide soil temperature, evaporation, and wind run. These data are archived at NOAA/NCDC. For further information visit the NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer Program home page at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/coop/index.htm.

Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) - This 'network' is comprised of weather stations operated by the general public and reported by amateur radio operators around the world. All observations are collected by the NOAA/Forecast Systems Laboratory (NOAA/FSL) and are included as part of their Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS). The network varies greatly in terms of data quality and completeness. Within the United States there are 1328 reporting stations (2 in Hawaii). The parameters reported vary by station, but typically include air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, barometric pressure, and precipitation. For further information visit the CWOP home page.

Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS) Network - The United States Forest Service oversees this network of stations owned and operated by state and local wildland fire agencies. The network typically provides hourly values of air temperature, dew point, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, fuel temperature, and fuel moisture. The network consists of 726 stations located throughout the United States (4 in Hawaii), but heavily concentrated in the forested areas of the western mountains. These data are included within the University of Utah MesoWest and the NOAA/FSL MADIS data sets. For further information visit the USFS RAWS home page.

Hydrometeorological Automated Data System (HADS) - The NOAA Office of Hydrologic Development operates the HADS real-time data aquisition and data distribution system. HADS collects data from Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) operated by a number of federal, state, and local agencies throughout the US and a few nearby countries. The network currently includes 10079 observation locations (47 in Hawaii). The temporal resolution and parameters collected vary widely by network and station but can include a variety of meteorological and hydrologic parameters. For further information visit the NWS HADS page.

Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network - The LTER network was set up by the National Science Foundation to allow investigation of ecological processes at long time scales and over broad spatial scales. Each of the 19 (1 in Oregon) LTER sites typically has at least one automated surface meteorological station. Many also have several meteorological stations, precipitation networks, and/or flux towers. The LTER site in Oregon is the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest LTER in the central Cascade Range of western Oregon. For further information visit the LTER home page at: http://lternet.edu/ or the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest LTER home page at: http://www.fsl.orst.edu/lter/.

Coastal-Marine Automated Network (C-MAN) - The National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) operates this network of 55 C-MAN stations with locations along coastlines throughout the US (7 in Alaska). The network typically provides hourly observations of air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and wind gust. Some stations also provide observations of sea water temperature, water level, waves, relative humidity, precipitation, and visibility. For further information visit the NDBC home page.

National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) Moored Buoy Network - The NDBC operates this network of 77 moored buoys with locations throughout the US coastal regions (3 off the coast of Oregon). The network typically provides hourly observations of air temperature, dew point, water temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, wave height, wave period, and swell. For further information visit the NDBC home page.

Regional Surface Meteorological Networks

United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) Agricultural Weather Networks (AgriMet) - There are two networks included here with similar data collection efforts. The USBR Great Plains Region operates the Great Plains Cooperative Agricultural Weather Network that consists of 20 stations located in central and western Montana. The USBR Pacific Northwest Region operates the Pacific Northwest Cooperative Agricultural Weather Network that consists of 69 stations located throughout the Pacific Northwest (primarily Washington, Oregon and Idaho) (28 in Oregon). Both networks provide up to 15-minute observations of air temperature, dew point, relative humidity, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, wind direction and wind gust. Other parameters collected at some stations include soil temperature (at 1, 2, 4, 8, 20 and/or 40 inch depths), barometric pressure, leaf wetness, and diffuse solar radiation. This network is included as part of the University of Utah MesoWest and NOAA/FSL MADIS data sets. For further information visit the USBR Great Plains Region AgriMet home page or the USBR Pacific Northwest Region AgriMet home page. .

Mountain Weather Data Network - The Northwest Weather and Avalanche Center operates this network of 17 stations located in mountainous areas of Washington and Oregon. The network provides hourly observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, and snowfall. This network is included within the University of Utah MesoWest and the NOAA/FSL MADIS. For further information visit the Mountain Weather Data Network home page at: http://www.nwac.noaa.gov/nw05000.htm#Hourly%20Mountain%20Weather%20Data. .

State and Local Surface Meteorological Networks

Hawaii Air Quality Monitoring Network - The Hawaii Department of Health operates this network of 18 air quality monitoring stations throughout the state. It is unknown how many of these provide meteorological measurements. For further information visit the Hawaii Environmental Health home page. Maps on web page.

KHNL WeatherNet - KHNL-TV in Honolulu, Hawaii operates this network of 41 stations located primarily at schools throughout Hawaii. The network provides up to 1-minute observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, and barometric pressure. For further information visit the KHNL network page. No map yet.

Precipitation and Radar Networks

NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Hourly Precipitation Data - NOAA/NCEP routinely develops a National Multi-sensor Hourly Precipitation Analysis (Stage II) data set from hourly radar precipitation estimates and from hourly gage reports. The gage data includes hourly observations from ~4000 gages across the US (179 in Oregon) collected by the NOAA River Forecast Centers and sent to NCEP. Further information on these data is available at: http://wwwt.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/ylin/pcpanl/.

NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer 15-minute Precipitation Network - The NOAA/NWS routinely collects 15-minute observations of precipitation from Fisher-Porter and Universal rain gages operated by 2777 cooperative observers located throughout the US (117 in Oregon). These data are archived at NOAA/National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) as data set TD 3260. For further information visit the NOAA/NCDC TD3260 page at: http://ols.nndc.noaa.gov/plolstore/plsql/olstore.prodspecific?prodnum=C00505-TAP-A0001

Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) Network - The United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) operates this network of 754 stations with locations throughout the mountainous areas of the western US (74 in Oregon). The temporal resolution and parameters measured vary by station. Up to hourly observations of air temperature, precipitation, snow depth, and snow water content are typically provided. Other parameters that may be available include relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, soil moisture, and soil temperature. These data are archived by the NRCS, Western Regional Climate Center, and other. For further information visit the NRCS National Water and Climate Center SNOTEL page at: http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/water/w_data.html.

City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services HYDRA Rainfall Network - The City of Portland, Oregon operates this network of 39 rain gages located throughout the Portland area. The network provides hourly observations of precipitation. For further information including a map of locations visit the City of Portland HYDRA home page at: http://oregon.usgs.gov/non-usgs/bes/. Map at web site

Weather Surveillance Radar 1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) Network - The NOAA/NWS and the Department of Defense operate this network of 143 WSR-88D radars across the contiguous US (3 in Oregon). The Level II data are the three meteorological base data quantities (reflectivity, mean radial velocity, and spectrum width) and are recorded at all NWS and most DOD sites. Level II data are then processed in order to create a number of meteorological analysis products known as Level III data. Level III data are recorded at the NWS sites. The Level III products included base reflectivity, base spectrum width, base velocity, composite reflectivity, echo tops, velocity azimuth display (VAD) wind profile, vertically integrated liquid (VIL), 1-hour precipitation, storm total precipitation, hail index overlay, mesocyclone overlay, severe weather probability overlay, storm structure, storm tracking information overlay, and tornadic vortex signature overlay. All Level II and III data are archived at NOAA/NCDC. For further information visit the NOAA/NCDC Radar Resources page at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/radar/radarresources.html or the NOAA Radar Operations Center at: http://www.roc.noaa.gov/.

Radiation and Flux Networks

Ameriflux Network - The Ameriflux network consists of 50 sites conducting long-term measurements of CO2, water and energy fluxes throughout the US (2 in Oregon). The typical observational frequency is 30 minutes. The parameters measured at each site vary, but Ameriflux has defined a core set of parameters that most sites collect, including fluxes of CO2, energy and water, basic meteorological and radiation parameters, and soil temperature and moisture. For further information visit the Ameriflux home page at: http://public.ornl.gov/ameriflux/Participants/Sites/Map/index.cfm.

University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory Network - The University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory Network consists of 21 stations located throughout Oregon and nearby states (11 in Oregon). The parameters measured vary by station but typically provide up to 5-minute observations of global, direct and diffuse solar along with some meteorological parameters. For further information visit the SRML Network home page at: http://solardat.uoregon.edu/

Soil Networks

Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) - The SCAN is operated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The network provides hourly observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, precipitation, barometric pressure, snow water content, snow depth, soil temperature (at 2, 4, 8, 20, and 40 cm depths), and soil moisture (at 2, 4, 8, 20 and 40 cm depths). The 67 SCAN stations are located across the US in primarily agricultural regions (2 in Oregon). For further information visit the SCAN home page at: http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/scan/.

Hydrology Networks

United States Geological Survey (USGS) Streamflow Network - The USGS (part of the US Department of the Interior) operates this network of 7237 streamflow gages (180 in Oregon) at locations throughout the US. The network provides hourly or more frequent observations of stage (water level) from which discharge (flow) is computed using a stage-discharge rating relation. The rating is defined by occasional direct current-meter measurements of discharge. All data are available through the USGS and the district offices in each state. Many of these gages provide realtime data relayed via the GOES satellite data collection system. The realtime data are provisional data that have not been reviewed or edited. These realtime data may be subject to significant change and are not citeable until reviewed and approved by the USGS. Realtime data may be changed after review because the stage-discharge relationship may have been affected by: 1) backwater from ice or debris; 2) algal and aquatic growth in the stream; 3) sediment movement; and 4) malfunction of recording equipment. Each station record is considered provisional until the data are published. The data are usually published with 6 months of the end of the water year (1 October to 30 September). Data users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of the information before using it. For further information on the USGS streamflow network visit the USGS Water Resources of the United States page at: http://water.usgs.gov/ or the USGS Oregon District Office home page at: http://or.water.usgs.gov/.

Upper Air Networks

NOAA/NWS Radiosonde Network Low Vertical Resolution Data - The NOAA/NWS typically releases radiosondes twice per day at 0000 and 1200 UTC at 69 locations throughout the US (2 in Oregon). During special weather situations the NWS can request to release additional radiosondes at off-times (e.g. 1800 UTC). The low resolution data is sent out over the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) and provides mandatory and significant level observations of pressure, altitude, temperature, dew point, wind speed, and wind direction. There are 3 types of radiosondes utilized within the US network, Vaisala, VIZ (or Sippican), and Microsonde. These data are archived by NOAA/NCDC and other organizations. For further information on the NWS Radiosonde network visit the NWS radiosonde network home page at: http://www.ua.nws.noaa.gov.

NOAA/NWS Radiosonde Network High Vertical Resolution Data - The same radiosonde locations mentioned in the previous data set also provide a 6-second vertical resolution data set that provides observations of pressure, temperature, altitude, relative humidity, and azimuth and elevation angles. UCAR/JOSS has developed software to derive 6-second vertical resolution winds from the angle data. These data are archived by NCDC and UCAR/JOSS.

Cooperative Agency Profiler (CAP) Network - The NOAA/FSL ingests data from wind profilers and RASS operated by a number of cooperating agencies. Most of these profilers are 915 MHz, but some are 449 or 50 MHz. Most provide hourly observations of wind speed and direction. The number and location of these can vary through time. As this is being written the network included 58 locations within the US (1 in Oregon). Most of the sites are along the US West Coast and in the northeastern US. For further information visit the CAP home page at: http://www.profiler.noaa.gov/jsp/aboutCap.jsp.

Ground Based Global Positioning System (GPS) Meteorology Demonstration Network (GPS-MET) - The NOAA/FSL ingests data from 323 GPS locations around the US operated by many different agencies (7 in Hawaii). Typically each location provides 30-minute observations of integrated precipitatable water along with a number of surface meteorology parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, etc). For further information visit the GPS-MET home page.

The information below is NOT presently for Hawaii. Please check back later.
	Click on the maps for larger image

National Surface Meteorological Networks

Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) - The National Weather Service (NWS), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Department of Defense operate this network of 967 stations located throughout the United States (22 in Oregon). The data generally available from ASOS stations includes hourly (and special) observations of air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, visibility, present weather, and precipitation. Via modem data can be obtained every minute (typically the most recent ~8 hours of observations are kept at the stations). For further information on the ASOS network visit the NWS ASOS home page or the FAA Automated Sensors home page.

Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) - The FAA and various state agencies (particularly Aviation Divisions of state Departments of Transportation) operate this network of 900 stations located throughout the United States (3 in Hawaii). While data is generally available from 552 of these stations (none in Hawaii), the data from the other 348 stations (3 in Hawaii) is currently only available via dialup modem (typically the most recent ~3 weeks of observations are kept at the stations). These stations typically provide 20-minute observations of air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, visibility, altimeter setting, present weather and precipitation. For further information on the AWOS network visit the FAA Automated Sensors home page.

Non-Automated METAR Reports - In addition to the ASOS and AWOS there are still a number of stations where the observations are taken manually. There are 240 such observation locations located throughout the United States (3 in Oregon). A large proportion of these observations are limited in some fashion (e.g. no observations at night or just one or two observations in a day). The parameters available vary from station to station, but most provide air temperature, dew point, wind speed, wind direction, cloud cover, and present weather.

NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer Program - The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS) oversees this network with 9765 participating cooperative observers located throughout the United States (378 in Oregon). This network provides daily observations (7am local time) of maximum and minimum air temperature, precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth. Some stations also provide soil temperature, evaporation, and wind run. These data are archived at NOAA/NCDC. For further information visit the NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer Program home page at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/coop/index.htm.

Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) - This 'network' is comprised of weather stations operated by the general public and reported by amateur radio operators around the world. All observations are collected by the NOAA/Forecast Systems Laboratory (NOAA/FSL) and are included as part of their Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS). The network varies greatly in terms of data quality and completeness. Within the United States there are 1328 reporting stations (2 in Hawaii). The parameters reported vary by station, but typically include air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, barometric pressure, and precipitation. For further information visit the CWOP home page.

Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS) Network - The United States Forest Service oversees this network of stations owned and operated by state and local wildland fire agencies. The network typically provides hourly values of air temperature, dew point, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, fuel temperature, and fuel moisture. The network consists of 726 stations located throughout the United States (4 in Hawaii), but heavily concentrated in the forested areas of the western mountains. These data are included within the University of Utah MesoWest and the NOAA/FSL MADIS data sets. For further information visit the USFS RAWS home page.

Hydrometeorological Automated Data System (HADS) - The NOAA Office of Hydrologic Development operates the HADS real-time data aquisition and data distribution system. HADS collects data from Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) operated by a number of federal, state, and local agencies throughout the US and a few nearby countries. The network currently includes 10079 observation locations (47 in Hawaii). The temporal resolution and parameters collected vary widely by network and station but can include a variety of meteorological and hydrologic parameters. For further information visit the NWS HADS page.

Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network - The LTER network was set up by the National Science Foundation to allow investigation of ecological processes at long time scales and over broad spatial scales. Each of the 19 (1 in Oregon) LTER sites typically has at least one automated surface meteorological station. Many also have several meteorological stations, precipitation networks, and/or flux towers. The LTER site in Oregon is the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest LTER in the central Cascade Range of western Oregon. For further information visit the LTER home page at: http://lternet.edu/ or the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest LTER home page at: http://www.fsl.orst.edu/lter/.

Coastal-Marine Automated Network (C-MAN) - The National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) operates this network of 55 C-MAN stations with locations along coastlines throughout the US (7 in Alaska). The network typically provides hourly observations of air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and wind gust. Some stations also provide observations of sea water temperature, water level, waves, relative humidity, precipitation, and visibility. For further information visit the NDBC home page.

National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) Moored Buoy Network - The NDBC operates this network of 77 moored buoys with locations throughout the US coastal regions (3 off the coast of Oregon). The network typically provides hourly observations of air temperature, dew point, water temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, wave height, wave period, and swell. For further information visit the NDBC home page.

Regional Surface Meteorological Networks

United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) Agricultural Weather Networks (AgriMet) - There are two networks included here with similar data collection efforts. The USBR Great Plains Region operates the Great Plains Cooperative Agricultural Weather Network that consists of 20 stations located in central and western Montana. The USBR Pacific Northwest Region operates the Pacific Northwest Cooperative Agricultural Weather Network that consists of 69 stations located throughout the Pacific Northwest (primarily Washington, Oregon and Idaho) (28 in Oregon). Both networks provide up to 15-minute observations of air temperature, dew point, relative humidity, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, wind direction and wind gust. Other parameters collected at some stations include soil temperature (at 1, 2, 4, 8, 20 and/or 40 inch depths), barometric pressure, leaf wetness, and diffuse solar radiation. This network is included as part of the University of Utah MesoWest and NOAA/FSL MADIS data sets. For further information visit the USBR Great Plains Region AgriMet home page or the USBR Pacific Northwest Region AgriMet home page.	.

Mountain Weather Data Network - The Northwest Weather and Avalanche Center operates this network of 17 stations located in mountainous areas of Washington and Oregon. The network provides hourly observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, and snowfall. This network is included within the University of Utah MesoWest and the NOAA/FSL MADIS. For further information visit the Mountain Weather Data Network home page at: http://www.nwac.noaa.gov/nw05000.htm#Hourly%20Mountain%20Weather%20Data.	.

State and Local Surface Meteorological Networks

Hawaii Air Quality Monitoring Network - The Hawaii Department of Health operates this network of 18 air quality monitoring stations throughout the state. It is unknown how many of these provide meteorological measurements. For further information visit the Hawaii Environmental Health home page.	Maps on web page.

KHNL WeatherNet - KHNL-TV in Honolulu, Hawaii operates this network of 41 stations located primarily at schools throughout Hawaii. The network provides up to 1-minute observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, and barometric pressure. For further information visit the KHNL network page.	No map yet.

Precipitation and Radar Networks

NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Hourly Precipitation Data - NOAA/NCEP routinely develops a National Multi-sensor Hourly Precipitation Analysis (Stage II) data set from hourly radar precipitation estimates and from hourly gage reports. The gage data includes hourly observations from ~4000 gages across the US (179 in Oregon) collected by the NOAA River Forecast Centers and sent to NCEP. Further information on these data is available at: http://wwwt.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/ylin/pcpanl/.

NOAA/NWS Cooperative Observer 15-minute Precipitation Network - The NOAA/NWS routinely collects 15-minute observations of precipitation from Fisher-Porter and Universal rain gages operated by 2777 cooperative observers located throughout the US (117 in Oregon). These data are archived at NOAA/National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) as data set TD 3260. For further information visit the NOAA/NCDC TD3260 page at: http://ols.nndc.noaa.gov/plolstore/plsql/olstore.prodspecific?prodnum=C00505-TAP-A0001

Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) Network - The United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) operates this network of 754 stations with locations throughout the mountainous areas of the western US (74 in Oregon). The temporal resolution and parameters measured vary by station. Up to hourly observations of air temperature, precipitation, snow depth, and snow water content are typically provided. Other parameters that may be available include relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, soil moisture, and soil temperature. These data are archived by the NRCS, Western Regional Climate Center, and other. For further information visit the NRCS National Water and Climate Center SNOTEL page at: http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/water/w_data.html.

City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services HYDRA Rainfall Network - The City of Portland, Oregon operates this network of 39 rain gages located throughout the Portland area. The network provides hourly observations of precipitation. For further information including a map of locations visit the City of Portland HYDRA home page at: http://oregon.usgs.gov/non-usgs/bes/.	Map at web site

Weather Surveillance Radar 1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) Network - The NOAA/NWS and the Department of Defense operate this network of 143 WSR-88D radars across the contiguous US (3 in Oregon). The Level II data are the three meteorological base data quantities (reflectivity, mean radial velocity, and spectrum width) and are recorded at all NWS and most DOD sites. Level II data are then processed in order to create a number of meteorological analysis products known as Level III data. Level III data are recorded at the NWS sites. The Level III products included base reflectivity, base spectrum width, base velocity, composite reflectivity, echo tops, velocity azimuth display (VAD) wind profile, vertically integrated liquid (VIL), 1-hour precipitation, storm total precipitation, hail index overlay, mesocyclone overlay, severe weather probability overlay, storm structure, storm tracking information overlay, and tornadic vortex signature overlay. All Level II and III data are archived at NOAA/NCDC. For further information visit the NOAA/NCDC Radar Resources page at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/radar/radarresources.html or the NOAA Radar Operations Center at: http://www.roc.noaa.gov/.

Radiation and Flux Networks

Ameriflux Network - The Ameriflux network consists of 50 sites conducting long-term measurements of CO2, water and energy fluxes throughout the US (2 in Oregon). The typical observational frequency is 30 minutes. The parameters measured at each site vary, but Ameriflux has defined a core set of parameters that most sites collect, including fluxes of CO2, energy and water, basic meteorological and radiation parameters, and soil temperature and moisture. For further information visit the Ameriflux home page at: http://public.ornl.gov/ameriflux/Participants/Sites/Map/index.cfm.

University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory Network - The University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory Network consists of 21 stations located throughout Oregon and nearby states (11 in Oregon). The parameters measured vary by station but typically provide up to 5-minute observations of global, direct and diffuse solar along with some meteorological parameters. For further information visit the SRML Network home page at: http://solardat.uoregon.edu/

Soil Networks

Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) - The SCAN is operated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The network provides hourly observations of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, precipitation, barometric pressure, snow water content, snow depth, soil temperature (at 2, 4, 8, 20, and 40 cm depths), and soil moisture (at 2, 4, 8, 20 and 40 cm depths). The 67 SCAN stations are located across the US in primarily agricultural regions (2 in Oregon). For further information visit the SCAN home page at: http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/scan/.

Hydrology Networks

United States Geological Survey (USGS) Streamflow Network - The USGS (part of the US Department of the Interior) operates this network of 7237 streamflow gages (180 in Oregon) at locations throughout the US. The network provides hourly or more frequent observations of stage (water level) from which discharge (flow) is computed using a stage-discharge rating relation. The rating is defined by occasional direct current-meter measurements of discharge. All data are available through the USGS and the district offices in each state. Many of these gages provide realtime data relayed via the GOES satellite data collection system. The realtime data are provisional data that have not been reviewed or edited. These realtime data may be subject to significant change and are not citeable until reviewed and approved by the USGS. Realtime data may be changed after review because the stage-discharge relationship may have been affected by: 1) backwater from ice or debris; 2) algal and aquatic growth in the stream; 3) sediment movement; and 4) malfunction of recording equipment. Each station record is considered provisional until the data are published. The data are usually published with 6 months of the end of the water year (1 October to 30 September). Data users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of the information before using it. For further information on the USGS streamflow network visit the USGS Water Resources of the United States page at: http://water.usgs.gov/ or the USGS Oregon District Office home page at: http://or.water.usgs.gov/.

Upper Air Networks

NOAA/NWS Radiosonde Network Low Vertical Resolution Data - The NOAA/NWS typically releases radiosondes twice per day at 0000 and 1200 UTC at 69 locations throughout the US (2 in Oregon). During special weather situations the NWS can request to release additional radiosondes at off-times (e.g. 1800 UTC). The low resolution data is sent out over the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) and provides mandatory and significant level observations of pressure, altitude, temperature, dew point, wind speed, and wind direction. There are 3 types of radiosondes utilized within the US network, Vaisala, VIZ (or Sippican), and Microsonde. These data are archived by NOAA/NCDC and other organizations. For further information on the NWS Radiosonde network visit the NWS radiosonde network home page at: http://www.ua.nws.noaa.gov.

NOAA/NWS Radiosonde Network High Vertical Resolution Data - The same radiosonde locations mentioned in the previous data set also provide a 6-second vertical resolution data set that provides observations of pressure, temperature, altitude, relative humidity, and azimuth and elevation angles. UCAR/JOSS has developed software to derive 6-second vertical resolution winds from the angle data. These data are archived by NCDC and UCAR/JOSS.

Cooperative Agency Profiler (CAP) Network - The NOAA/FSL ingests data from wind profilers and RASS operated by a number of cooperating agencies. Most of these profilers are 915 MHz, but some are 449 or 50 MHz. Most provide hourly observations of wind speed and direction. The number and location of these can vary through time. As this is being written the network included 58 locations within the US (1 in Oregon). Most of the sites are along the US West Coast and in the northeastern US. For further information visit the CAP home page at: http://www.profiler.noaa.gov/jsp/aboutCap.jsp.

Ground Based Global Positioning System (GPS) Meteorology Demonstration Network (GPS-MET) - The NOAA/FSL ingests data from 323 GPS locations around the US operated by many different agencies (7 in Hawaii). Typically each location provides 30-minute observations of integrated precipitatable water along with a number of surface meteorology parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, etc). For further information visit the GPS-MET home page.