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Regional Hydroclimate Project:

BALTEX (Baltic Sea Experiment)

Reference Site Name:

Norunda

Station Name:

Norunda

Other Stations at Reference Site:

None

Contact Information:

Name: Dr. Meelis Mölder
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis Lund University
Address:
Sölvegatan 12 SE-22362, Lunds universitet Sweden
E-mail: Meelis.Molder@nateko.lu.se
Telephone: +46 46 2220378
Fax: +46 46 2224011

Associated Web Sites:

• BALTEX Home Page

Station Location, Maps and Google Earth Files:

Norunda site, 60.08 N, 17.48 E, alt. 45 m.

BALTEX Regional Map (click for full resolution):



Google Earth .kmz file of BALTEX Norunda Reference Site station and radiosonde locations

Station Description:

General Description:

No information.

View from tower (left) and view of area near tower (right) (click for full resolution):



Station Operator:

Lund University

Vegetation and Land Use:

Dominant land cover at the measurement location: mixed pine-spruce forest.

Canopy height: No information.

Land cover within 50 m of site: No information.

Land cover within 500 m of site: No information.

Land cover within 12 km of site: No information.

Seasonal land cover changes: No information.

Major changes in land cover at site from October 2002 to December 2004: No information.

Slope at the site: No information.

Other notes: None.



Soil Type and Characterization:

Surface soil type: No information.

Soil type in deeper layers: No information.

Surface soil porosity: No information.

Soil porosity in deeper layers: No information.

Soil infiltration rate: No information.

Bulk Dry Density: No information.

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: No information.

The Soil Reference Group(s) (from World Reference Base for Soil Resources): No information.

Climate:

Temperature and precipitation annual cycles (click for full resolution):

CEOP Parameters Measured and Instrumentation:

SURFACE METEOROLOGY AND RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION:We do not have any ground station, thus, the meteorological data are picked out from our 102 m tower data.
• Station pressure (house, 1.66 m; PTA-427 Vaisala)
• Air Temperature (tower, 31.7 m; thermocouple In-Situ Instrument, Sweden)
• Dew point - (tower, 28 m derived)
• Relative humidity (tower, 28 m; Rotronic)
• Specific humidity (tower, 28 m derived)
• Wind speed (tower, 31.7 m; model 425 Vaisala (Handar))
• Wind direction (tower, 31.7 m; model 425 Vaisala (Handar))
• U wind component (tower 31.7 m derived)
• V wind component (tower 31.7 m derived)
• Precipitation - Not measured.
• Snow depth - Not Measured.
• Incoming shortwave radiation (tower, 102 m; CM-21 Kipp&Zonen )
• Outgoing shortwave radiation - (tower, 98 m; CM-11 Kipp&Zonen)
• Incoming longwave radiation - (tower, 98 m; derived)
• Outgoing longwave radiation - (tower, 98 m; derived)
• Net radiation (tower, 98 m; LXV-055 Dr. Bruno Lange)
• Skin temperature - Not measured.
• Incoming Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) - (tower, 98 m; LI-190SZ Li-Cor)
• Outgoing Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) - (tower, 98 m; LI-190SZ Li-Cor)

The tower for standard meteorological measurements (click for full resolution):



METEOROLOGICAL TOWER INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: No Tower data are available.

FLUX INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: No Flux data are available.

SOIL INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: No Soil data are available.

RADIOSONDE INSTRUMENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: No radiosonde data are available.

Site References

Web:
None provided.

Literature:

Lundin, L.-C., Halldin, S., Lindroth, A., Cienciala, E., Grelle, A., Hjelm, P., Kellner, E., Lundberg, A., Mölder, M., Morén, A.-S., Nord, T., Seibert, J. and Stähli, M., 1999. Continuous long-term measurements of soil-plant-atmosphere variables at a forest site. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 98-99: 53-73.

Presentations:

• BALTEX: The Baltic Sea Experimen t (13 March 2007; Washington, DC, USA)
• A Status Report from the European (BALTEX) Reference Sites in CEOP (2 7 February 2006; Paris, France)
• BALTEX Reference Sites for the CEOP (10 March 2004; Irvine, California, USA)
• BALTEX Norunda (31 March 2003; Berlin, Germany)
• BALTEX Reference Sites for the GEWEX CEOP (6 March 2002; Tokyo, Japan)

Data Sets and Documentation:

• EOP-3/4 and beyond Data Sets and Documentation
• Surface Meteorological Data: Current Status and Browse Plots
• Soil Temperature and Moisture Data: Current Status and Browse Plots
• Flux Data: Current Status and Browse Plots
• Meteorological Tower Data: Current Status and Browse Plots
• EOP-1 Converted Format Data Sets and Documentation
• EOP-1 Native Format Data Sets and Documentation